Social cognitive theory, Stages of Change Trans-Theoretical framework, social support model Intervention: two personalized tailored “magazines,” Natural helpers Control: after 6 months, 1 magazine was provided
BMI
Weight: calibrated scale Height: tape measure Weight and height measured without shoes
Weight: calibrated scale. Measurements taken without socks and shoes, light clothing, 1 kg subtracted to compensate for clothing. Height: stadiometer Measurements taken without shoes BF: BIA. Measured by “standard” body frame and participant’s age, height, and gender BF: tape measurer. Waist circumference measured over umbilicus. Hip circumference measured on the hip part that gave the greatest circumference
Intervention: BW decreased by 6 kg () BMI decreased by 2.2 kg/m2 () BF% decreased by 2.8% ()
No specific theory Intervention: healthy vending machine options, fitness facility, self-weighing competition, 2-day long health expos, monthly farmers markets Control: quarterly advisory group
BMI
Weight: calibrated electronic scale Height: stadiometer Measurements taken in street clothes and without shoes; 2 separate measurements taken and then averaged the values
No specific theory Intervention: telephone coaching, worksite or webinar education classes, online resources, and behavior change support tools Control: no intervention
BW, BMI
Weight and height measured, but no specifications on how these measurement techniques were taken
Intervention: Insignificant decreases in BW and BMI ()
Social ecological model Intervention: fitness facilities, healthy lunchroom options, elimination of SSB7, healthy prompts, print, and web-based materials Control: print and web-based materials only
BMI
Weight: calibrated electronic scale. Measured by trained staff, readings to the nearest 2/10th pound Height: stadiometer. Measured by trained staff, readings to the nearest 1/8th inch
No specific theory Intervention: voluntary sport participation, sports-medicine exam, monthly lectures
BW, BMI, BF%, WC
Weight: calibrated electronic scale Height: stadiometer BF: caliper WC: tape measurer Sports-medicine specialist took the measurements, no specifications of how measurements were taken
Decrease in BW (), BMI (), and WC () among men No significant differences among women
No specific theory Intervention: education classes Control: no intervention
BW, BMI
Weight: calibrated electronic scale. Trained team specialists measured to the nearest 0.1 kg wore light street clothes without shoes Height: stadiometer Trained team specialists measured to the nearest 0.1 cm
No specific theory Intervention: weekly 30–60 minutes training sessions, healthy food and exercise demonstrations, and activities Control: no intervention
BMI
Weight and height measured but no further specifications
No specific theory TEAM: 11–45 minute sessions in the first year and 6 booster sessions in the second year MI: 4 1-hour individual motivational interviewing sessions in the first year, and 2 meetings with a counselor and optional additional 6 hours of in-person or phone contact in the second year Control: no intervention
BMI
Weight and height measured but no further specifications
Social ecological model Intervention: 19 1-hour long education sessions Control: no intervention
BW
Weight: calibrated electronic scale Measurements were taken with light indoor clothing and measured to 0.05 kg Height: stadiometer, no further specifications
BW decreased by an average of 8 kg ()
Note. 1 = randomized control trial, 2 = body mass index, 3 = body fat percentage, 4 = waist circumference, 5 = bioelectrical impedance analyzer, 6 = body weight, and 7 = sugar-sweetened beverages.