A Pilot Study of Parent Mentors for Early Childhood Obesity
Table 4
Block Kids Food Screener results(1).
Measure(3)
Parent mentor group
Community health worker group
Group
Time
Group × time
Fruit/fruit juice, cups
0.47
0.01
0.79
Baseline
1.4 (1.0, 1.7)
1.3 (1.0, 1.6)
6 months
1.3 (0.9, 1.6)
1.2 (0.9, 1.5)
12 months
1.1 (0.8, 1.4)
1.0 (0.8, 1.2)
Vegetables, cups
0.52
0.36
0.90
Baseline
0.5 (0.3, 0.6)
0.6 (0.2, 0.9)
6 months
0.4 (0.3, 0.6)
0.6 (0.2, 0.9)
12 months
0.4 (0.2, 0.6)
0.4 (0.2, 0.5)
Potatoes, including French fries, cups
0.50
0.15
0.89
Baseline
0.2 (0.1, 0.3)
0.2 (0.1, 0.4)
6 months
0.2 (0.1, 0.2)
0.2 (0.1, 0.3)
12 months
0.2 (0.1, 0.2)
0.1 (0.1, 0.2)
Whole grains, ounces
0.58
0.12
0.53
Baseline
0.5 (0.3, 0.7)
0.3 (0.2, 0.4)
6 months
0.5 (0.3, 0.6)
0.5 (0.3, 0.7)
12 months
0.5 (0.3, 0.7)
0.3 (0.2, 0.5)
Saturated fat, grams
0.79
0.13
0.44
Baseline
15.2 (11.2, 19.3)
14.4 (7.8, 20.9)
6 months
13.8 (8.1, 19.5)
13.1 (7.9, 18.4)
12 months
13.3 (6.9, 19.8)
10.9 (8.4, 13.4)
Meat, poultry, and fish, ounces
0.85
0.51
0.59
Baseline
1.8 (1.3, 2.4)
2.1 (0.8, 3.4)
6 months
2.1 (1.0, 3.3)
2.1 (1.0, 3.3)
12 months
2.2 (0.9, 3.4)
1.5 (1.0, 2.0)
Dairy products, cups
0.52
0.06
0.77
Baseline
1.8 (1.4, 2.2)
1.4 (1.0, 1.8)
6 months
1.5 (1.1, 1.8)
1.4 (1.0, 1.8)
12 months
1.4 (1.0, 1.8)
1.2 (1.0, 1.4)
Legumes, cups
0.85
0.19
0.18
Baseline
0.2 (0.1, 0.2)
0.2 (0.1, 0.2)
6 months
0.1 (0.1, 0.2)
0.2 (0.1, 0.2)
12 months
0.1 (0.1, 0.2)
0.1 (0.0, 0.1)
Sugar added to foods/drinks, tsp
0.54
<0.001
0.48
Baseline
5.9 (4.0, 7.7)
5.3 (3.6, 7.1)
6 months
4.5 (2.2, 6.9)
4.3 (2.8, 5.8)
12 months
4.7 (3.1, 6.2)
3.5 (2.4, 4.6)
Sugars occurring in foods and juice, grams
0.65
<0.001
0.53
Baseline
74.5 (58.2, 90.7)
68.4 (51.5, 85.2)
6 months
62.5 (45.2, 79.8)
60.7 (44.1, 77.3)
12 months
59.4 (43.6, 75.2)
48.7 (40.1, 57.3)
Fiber, grams
0.43
0.06
0.83
Baseline
10.6 (8.1, 13.1)
11.2 (7.0, 15.4)
6 months
9.6 (7.2, 11.9)
10.1 (6.0, 14.2)
12 months
9.4 (6.4, 12.5)
7.5 (5.8, 9.1)
Yogurt, containers per week
0.45
0.24
0.43
Baseline
2.9 (1.7, 4.0)
2.2 (0.9, 3.5)
6 months
2.7 (1.4, 4.1)
2.3 (1.4, 3.3)
12 months
2.7 (1.3, 4.2)
3.5 (1.6, 5.3)
Sugary beverages, servings
0.96
0.001
0.74
Baseline
0.3 (0.2, 0.4)
0.3 (0.2, 0.4)
6 months
0.2 (0.1, 0.3)
0.2 (0.1, 0.2)
12 months
0.2 (0.1, 0.2)
0.1 (0.1, 0.2)
Energy from sugary beverages, kcals
0.94
<0.001
0.63
Baseline
37.1 (14.7, 59.5)
40.2 (20.6, 59.8)
6 months
18.2 (6.6, 29.7)
23.3 (12.0, 34.5)
12 months
19.6 (9.0, 30.2)
17.7 (6.5, 28.9)
Protein intake, kcal percentage
0.97
0.37
0.74
Baseline
17.1 (13.2, 21.0)
17.0 (9.5, 24.5)
6 months
18.0 (11.6, 24.4)
18.4 (10.4, 26.3)
12 months
20.3 (11.9, 28.7)
16.3 (12.3 20.3)
Fat intake, kcal percentage
0.68
0.10
0.26
Baseline
35.3 (25.9, 44.7)
35.4 (18.5, 52.2)
6 months
36.5 (21.2, 51.9)
34.0 (19.6, 48.4)
12 months
39.9 (20.0, 59.8)
31.8 (24.3, 39.4)
Carbohydrate intake, kcal percentage
0.37
<0.001
0.80
Baseline
50.9 (39.4, 62.5)
47.4 (32.4, 62.5)
6 months
48.7 (34.5, 63.0)
47.5 (31.2, 63.8)
12 months
52.0 (35.8, 68.3)
42.0 (34.0, 50.1)
Total estimated energy intake, kcals
0.64
0.02
0.56
Baseline
1,122.6 (858.1, 1,387.0)
1,086 (657.0, 1,515.9)
6 months
1,016.6 (664.1, 1,369.1)
983.1 (604.8, 1,361.5)
12 months
985.8 (595.2, 1,376.5)
792.5 (624.3, 960.7)
Basic nutritional information regarding daily intake of study children. Values are means (95% CIs); = 30, 23, and 21 in the parent mentor group and 30, 23, and 20 in the community health worker group at baseline and at 6 and 12 months, respectively; tsp: teaspoon; kcals: kilocalories. Linear mixed-model analysis on the entire study population; values are for the individual effects of group and time as well as their interaction. 0–6-month mean difference significance at a value < 0.05; 6–12-month mean difference significance at a value < 0.05: (for this table no significant differences were found at 6–12 months); 0–12-month mean difference significance at a value < 0.05.
