Author Year Country HCA formulation Randomised/ Analysed Age in yrs HCA Dosage Treatment Duration Baseline weight indices for HCA/placebo groups Mean change in weight indices for HCA/placebo groups Adverse events (AE) Control for lifestyle factors Hayamizu et al. 2001 Japan [24 ] Tablets 40/40
(HCA)
(PLA)1 g daily 8 weeks BW:
/
BMI:
/
BW:
BMI:
No serious AE reported Dietary control Heymsfield et al. 1998 U.S.A. [25 ] Capsules 135/135
(HCA)
(PLA)1.5 g daily 12 weeks BW:
/
BMI:
/
BW:
Headache, URTI & GI symptoms High fibre diet, stable physical activity levels Kovacs et al. 2001 Netherlands [26 ] Unspecified 21/21
for both HCA&placebo groups1.5 g daily 2 weeks Mean BW:
Mean BMI:
BW:
/
Not reported No restriction on food intake; 1 glass of alcohol maximum daily *§Kovacs et al. 2001 Netherlands [27 ] Unspecified 11/11
for both HCA&placebo groups1.5 g daily 2 weeks Mean BW:
Mean BMI:
BW:
/
Not reported No restriction on food intake; 1 glass of alcohol maximum daily Mattes and Bormann 2000 U.S.A. [5 ] Caplets 167/89
(HCA)
(PLA)1.2 g daily 12 weeks BW:
/
BMI:
/
BW:
/
Not reported Dietary control, exercise encouraged, but no formal regimen prescribed §Preuss et al. 2004 India [29 ] Unspecified 60/53 Range: 21–50 2.8 g daily 8 weeks BW:
/
BMI:
/
BW:
/
BMI:
Gas, stomach burn, headache, skin rash Dietary control, walking exercise programme §Preuss et al. 2004 India [6 ] Unspecified 30/29 Range: 21–50 2.8 g daily 8 weeks BW:
/
BMI:
/
BW:
/
BMI:
No serious AE reported Dietary control, walking exercise programme Ramos et al. 1995 Mexico [30 ] Capsules 40/ 35
(HCA)
(PLA)1.5 g daily 8 weeks BMI:
/
BW:
/
Nausea, headache Dietary control Roongpisu-thipong et al. 2007 Thailand [2 ] Sachets 50/42
(HCA)
(PLA)Unclear 8 weeks BW:
/
BMI:
/
BW:
BMI:
Not reported Dietary control