Diet, Screen Time, Physical Activity, and Childhood Overweight in the General Population and in High Risk Subgroups: Prospective Analyses in the PIAMA Birth Cohort
Table 2
Adjusted odds ratios (95% CI) for the associations of behavioral risk factors, low maternal education, and maternal overweight with overweight (including obesity) at the age of 8 years.
Model 1
Model 2
Model 3
Model 4
aOR (95% CI)
aOR (95% CI)
aOR (95% CI)
aOR (95% CI)
Breastfeeding
0–16 wks
0.66 (0.50–0.86)
0.68 (0.52–0.90)
0.72 (0.55–0.94)
0.70 (0.53–0.92)
16 wks
0.54 (0.41–0.73)
0.60 (0.45–0.81)
0.65 (0.48–0.89)
0.65 (0.48–0.88)
Fast food consumption
1.47 (1.05–2.09)
1.29 (0.88–1.87)
1.15 (0.77–1.72)
1.14 (0.77–1.67)
Snack consumption
0.83 (0.61–1.11)
0.70 (0.52–0.95)
0.68 (0.50–0.93)
0.71 (0.52–0.98)
Soft drink consumption
0.77 (0.39–1.55)
0.91 (0.45–1.83)
0.92 (0.46–1.86)
0.91 (0.44–1.88)
Sportsclub
1.18 (0.83–1.68)
1.14 (0.80–1.61)
1.18 (0.83–1.66)
1.16 (0.81–1.65)
Active transport to school
0.98 (0.80–1.20)
1.02 (0.83–1.25)
1.03 (0.84–1.26)
1.01 (0.82–1.24)
Playing outside
0.84 (0.68–1.03)
0.94 (0.76–1.16)
0.94 (0.76–1.16)
0.95 (0.77–1.17)
Screen time
1.45 (1.26–1.66)
1.39 (1.21–1.61)
1.37 (1.18–1.58)
1.36 (1.17–1.58)
Low maternal education
1.65 (1.28–2.12)
1.46 (1.10–1.94)
Maternal overweight
2.92 (2.38–3.57)
2.78 (2.25–3.43)
Model 1: each variable separately, adjusted only for gender and birth weight. Model 2: each variable adjusted for gender, birth weight, breast feeding, and for all (other) behavioral risk factors. Model 3: model 2 including low maternal education. Model 4: model 2 including maternal overweight.
