Medium-Chain Triglycerides (MCTs) for the Symptomatic Treatment of Dementia-Related Diseases: A Systematic Review

Table 5

Plasma concentration of β-hydroxybutyrate (mmol/L) in the intervention groups.

	Preintervention	Postintervention	Difference (%)
β-hydroxybutyrate (mmol/L)
Preprandial vs. postprandial
CroteauC8 [56]	0.220 ± 0.180	0.570 ± 0.270	+159	0.075
CroteauC8C10 [56]	0.200 ± 0.150	0.460 ± 0.190	+130	0.021
Fortier et al. [57]	0.207 ± 0.133	0.543 ± 0.321	+162	0.001
Fortier et al. [48]	0.149 ± 0.134	0.401 ± 0.303	+169	—
Henderson et al. [54]	∼0.090	0.390	+333	—
Henderson et al. [55]	0.122 ± 0.11	0.250 ± 0.142	+105	—
Ohnuma et al. [42]	0.081 ± 0.799	0.250 ± 0.206	+209	—
OtaRCT [49]	0.065 ± 0.059	0.471 ± 0.293	+625	<0.05
Roy et al. [47]	0.210 ± 0.136	0.572 ± 0.325	+172	<0.001
Xu et al. [50]	0.393 ± 0.234	0.902 ± 0.746	+130	<0.01
[39]	0.040 ± 0.020	0.540 ± 0.320	+1250	—
[39]	0.080 ± 0.080	0.680 ± 0.360	+750
Preprandial vs. preprandial
Juby et al. [43]	0.190	0.220	+16	^a
Henderson et al. [54]	∼0.090	∼0.100	+11	^a†
Henderson et al. [55]	0.122 ± 0.110	0.128 ± 0.100	+5	—
OtaOLE [49]	0.068 ± 0.064	0.106 ± 0.157	+56	0.69
Acetoacetate (mmol/L)
Preprandial vs. postprandial
CroteauC8 [56]	0.140 ± 0.110	0.250 ± 0.070	+79	0.173
CroteauC8C10 [56]	0.110 ± 0.080	0.210 ± 0.100	+91	0.014
Fortier et al. [57]	0.123 ± 0.056	0.272 ± 0.141	+121	0.001
Fortier et al. [48]	0.092 ± 0.062	0.205 ± 0.136	+123	—
Ohnuma et al. [42]	0.035 ± 0.027	0.079 ± 0.049	+126	—
OtaRCT [49]	0.031 ± 0.022	0.138 ± 0.069	+345	<0.05
Roy et al. [47]	0.124 ± 0.054	0.286 ± 0.142	+131	<0.001
Xu et al. [50]	0.137 ± 0.067	0.257 ± 0.150	+88	<0.01
Preprandial vs. preprandial
OtaOLE [49]	0.033 ± 0.024	0.043 ± 0.040	+30	0.66

Estimated from figure. Significant between-group effect; values rounded to three decimals. Nonsignificant between-group effects are shown in bold. RCT = randomized controlled trial; OLE = open-label extension; C8 = supplement containing only caprylic acid; C8C10 = supplement containing caprylic and capric acid.