Prevalence of Anemia and Associated Factors among Infants and Young Children Aged 6–23 Months in Debre Berhan Town, North Shewa, Ethiopia

Table 5

Factors associated with anemia among infant and young children aged 6–23 months in Debre Berhan Town, Ethiopia, 2018 (n = 531).

Variables	Anemia		COR (95% CI)	value	AOR (95% CI)
	Yes	No
Maternal education
No formal education	41 (64.1)	23 (35.9)	3.1 (1.8, 5.5)	0.001	0.5 (0.2, 1.2)
Primary education	91 (66.4)	46 (33.6)	3.5 (2.3, 5.3)	0.001	1.0 (0.5, 1.8)
Secondary and above	120 (36.4)	210 (63.6)	Reference		Reference
Wealth index
Lowest quantiles	59 (55.7)	47 (44.3)	2.32 (1.3, 4.1)	0.004	0.8 (0.4, 1.8)
Second quantiles	57 (55.9)	45 (44.1)	2.34 (1.3, 4.1)	0.004	0.9 (0.4, 1.9)
Middle quantiles	50 (53.2)	44 (46.8)	2.1 (1.2, 3.8)	0.13	1.1 (0.5, 2.3)
Fourth quantiles	53 (39.3)	82 (60.7)	1.2 (0.7, 2.0)	0.523	0.9 (0.5, 1.8)
Highest quantiles	33 (35.1)	61 (64.9)	Reference		Reference
Child’s sex
Male	140 (53.8)	120 (46.2)	1.7 (1.2, 2.3)	0.004	1.0 (0.6, 1.6)
Female	112 (41.3)	159 (58.7)	Reference		Reference
Age of child
6–8 months	40 (52.6)	36 (47.4)	1.8 (1.0, 3.1)	0.29	0.6 (0.3, 1.3)
9–11 months	66 (66.7)	33 (33.3)	3.3 (1.9, 5.5)	0.0001	1.5 (0.7, 3.0)
12–17 months	78 (44.3)	98 (55.7)	1.3 (0.8, 2.0)	0.21	1.0 (0.6, 1.7)
18–23 months	68 (37.8)	112 (62.2)	Reference		Reference
HH food security status
Food-insecure	170 (65.9)	88 (34.1)	4.5 (3.1, 6.5)	0.0001	2.7 (1.6, 4.5)
Food-secure	82 (30)	191 (70)	Reference		Reference
ANC follow-up
≥4 visits	119 (34)	231 (66)	0.2 (0.1, 0.3)	0.0001	0.5 (0.3, 0.9)
<4 visits	133 (73.5)	48 (26.5)	Reference		Reference
Birth interval
First birth	155 (46.5)	178 (53.5)	1.5 (1.0, 2.4)	0.047	1.14 (0.7, 2.0)
<24 months	55 (67.9)	26 (32.1)	3.8 (2.1, 6.9)	0.0001	2.0 (0.9, 4.4)
≥24 months	42 (35.9)	75 (64.1)	Reference		Reference
Introduction of complementary foods
<6 months	50 (62)	30 (37.5)	2.9 (1.7, 4.7)	0.0001	0.9 (0.4, 1.9)
>6 months	78 (68.4)	36 (31.6)	3.7 (2.4, 5.9)	0.0001	1.5 (0.8, 2.8)
At 6 months	120 (36.8)	206 (63.2)	Reference		Reference
Met MMF
Yes	111(31.9)	237 (68.1)	0.14 (0.1, 0.2)	0.0001	0.25 (0.14, 0.4 5)
No	141 (77)	42 (23)	Reference		Reference
MDD
<4 food groups	147 (71)	60 (29)	5.1 (3.5, 7.5)	0.0001	2.5 (1.4, 4.3)
≥4 food groups	105 (32.4)	219 (67.6)	Reference		Reference
Length for age
Stunted	67 (65.7)	35 (43.1)	2.5 (1.6, 3.9)	0.0001	2.3 (1.2, 4.3)
Not stunted	185 (43.1)	244 (56.9)	Reference		Reference
Weight for age
Underweight	58 (62.4)	35 (37.6)	2.1 (1.3, 3.3)	0.002	2.7 (1.4, 5.4)
Normal	194 (44.3)	244 (55.7)	Reference		Reference
Fever
Yes	57 (64)	32 (36)	2.3 (1.4, 3.6)	0.001	1.0 (0.5, 1.9)
No	195 (44.1)	247 (55.9)	Reference		Reference
Diarrhea
Yes	34 (77.3)	10 (22.7)	4.2 (2.0, 8.7)	0.0001	1.1 (0.4, 2.8)
No	218 (44.8)	269 (55.2)	Reference		Reference

value <0.05, value< 0.005.