A High Protein Diet Has No Harmful Effects: A One-Year Crossover Study in Resistance-Trained Males
Table 4
Comprehensive metabolic panel.
Baseline
Normal
High
Reference range
Glucose mg/dL
84 ± 11
87 ± 13
85 ± 9
65–99
BUN mg/dL
22 ± 6
22 ± 5
22 ± 4
7–25
Creatinine mg/dL
1.1 ± 0.2
1.1 ± 0.1
1.1 ± 0.2
0.60–1.35
eGFR
95 ± 19
101 ± 17
98 ± 16
#
BUN/creatinine ratio
20 ± 5
21 ± 5
20 ± 3
6–22
Sodium mmol/L
139 ± 2
139 ± 1
138 ± 1
135–146
Potassium mmol/L
4.3 ± 0.4
4.4 ± 0.3
4.3 ± 0.2
3.5–5.3
Chloride mmol/L
103 ± 1.7
102 ± 1.5
102 ± 1.7
98–110
CO2 mmol/L
28 ± 2
28 ± 2
28 ± 2
19–30
Calcium mg/dL
9.6 ± 0.2
9.6 ± 0.2
9.7 ± 0.3
8.6–10.3
Total protein g/dL
7.2 ± 0.3
7.1 ± 0.4
7.1 ± 0.3
6.1–8.1
Albumin g/dL
4.6 ± 0.2
4.5 ± 0.2
4.5 ± 0.2
3.6–5.1
Globulin g/dL
2.5 ± 0.3
2.6 ± 0.3
2.6 ± 0.3
1.9–3.7
Alb/Glob ratio
1.8 ± 0.2
1.8 ± 0.2
1.8 ± 0.2
1.0–2.5
Total Bili mg/dL
0.7 ± 0.4
0.8 ± 0.6
0.7 ± 0.3
0.2–1.2
Alkaline phosphatase U/L
64 ± 17
67 ± 17
66 ± 16
40–115
AST U/L
28 ± 9
27 ± 6
31 ± 13
10–40
ALT U/L
28 ± 18
26 ± 8
31 ± 15
9–46
Data are mean ± SD. There were no significant differences between groups. Alb: albumin, ALT: alanine transaminase, AST: aspartate transaminase, Bili: bilirubin, BUN: blood urea nitrogen, eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate, g: grams, Glob: globulin, mmol: millimoles, L: liter, and mg: milligrams. # indicates a value > or = 60 mL/min/1.73 m2.