Review Article
Perovskite-Based Solar Cells: Materials, Methods, and Future Perspectives
Table 1
Some representative devices, architectures, and their parameters and efficiencies (c-TiO2 and mp-TiO2 represent compact and mesoporous TiO2, resp.).
| Device architecture | HTM | | | FF | η/% | Ref. | (mA·cm−2) |
| Based on MAPbI3 | | | | | | | FTO/TiO2/MAPbI3/HTM/Au (one-step solution method) | Spiro-OMeTAD | 18.94 | 1.07 | 0.65 | 13.23 | [33] | FTO/TiO2/MAPbI3/HTM/Au (two-step solution method) | Spiro-OMeTAD | 21.52 | 1.04 | 0.672 | 15.08 | [34] | FTO/c-TiO2/MAPbI3/HTM/Ag | Spiro-OMeTAD | 19.8 | 0.924 | 0.663 | 12.1 | [35] | FTO/TiO2/MAPbI3/HTM/Au | MeO-PheDOT | 18.31 | 0.914 | 0.636 | 10.64 | [36] | FTO/mp-TiO2/MAPbI3/HTM/Au | P3HT | 12.6 | 0.73 | 0.732 | 6.7 | [37] | FTO/HTM/MAPbI3/PCBM/Ag | CuyCrzO2 | 17.19~ 20.08 | 1.00~ 1.07 | 0.68~ 0.7 | 12.24~15.30 | [38] | FTO/HTM/MAPbI3/PCBM/Ag | Cu:CrOx | 16.02 | 0.98 | 0.7 | 10.99 | [39] | FTO/TiO2/MAPbI3/HTM/Au | Cu2ZnSnS4 | 20.54 | 1.06 | 0.587 | 12.75 | [33] | FTO/TiO2/MAPbI3/HTM/Au | Cu(In,Ga)(S,Se)2 | 17.66 | 0.94 | 0.549 | 9.15 | [34] | FTO/TiO2/MAPbI3/Au | None | 17.8 | 0.905 | 0.65 | 10.49 | [40] | Perovskites based on mixed X halide | | | | | | | FTO/TiO2/Clx/HTM/Au | Spiro-OMeTAD | 21.45 | 1.08 | 0.74 | 17.14 | [41] | ITO/Y-TiO2/Clx/HTM/Au | Spiro-OMeTAD | 22.75 | 1.13 | 0.75 | 19.3 | [31] | FTO/c-TiO2/Clx/HTM/Ag | Spiro-OMeTAD | 21.5 | 1.07 | 0.67 | 15.4 | [30] | ITO/HTM//C60/Bphen/Ca/Ag | PEDOT:PSS | 20.9 | 1.02 | 0.722 | 15.4 | [42] | FTO/TiO2/Clx/HTM/Au | CuGaO2 | 21.66 | 1.11 | 0.77 | 18.51 | [41] | FTO/c-TiO2/mp-TiO2/Brx/HTM/Au | PTAA | 19.5 | 1.09 | 0.76 | 16.2 | [43] | Perovskites based on mixed A-site cations | | | | | | | FTO/c-TiO2/FAPbI3/MAPbI3/HTM/Au | Spiro-OMeTAD | 20.97 | 1.032 | 0.74 | 16.01 | [44] | ITO/HTM/FA0.4MA0.6PbI3/C60/Cu | PTAA | 23.0 | 1.03 | 0.77 | 18.3 | [45] | FTO/TiO2/FA0.8MA0.1Cs0.1/HTM/Au | Spiro-OMeTAD | 21.5 | 1.155 | 0.73 | 18.1 | [46] | FTO/SnO2/FA0.8MA0.1Cs0.1/HTM/Au | Spiro-OMeTAD | 22.4 | 1.129 | 0.68 | 17.3 | [46] | FTO/TiO2/ZrO2/(5-AVA)xPbI3/Carbon (certificated by an accredited photovoltaic calibration laboratory) | None | 22.8 | 0.858 | 0.66 | 12.84 | [47] | FTO/TiO2/ZrO2/(5-AVA)xPbI3/Carbon (perovskite film with larger grain size of 30 μm) | None | 22.57 | 0.801 | 0.62 | 11.35 | [48] | Perovskites based on mixed A- and X-site ions | | | | | | | FTO/c-TiO2/mp-TiO2/(SrCl2)0.1:MAPbI3/Carbon | None | 20.18 | 1.05 | 0.75 | 15.9 | [49] | FTO/TiO2/(FAPbI3)0.85(MAPbBr3)0.15/HTM/Carbon | PEDOT | 23.5 | 1.05 | 0.69 | 17.0 | [45] | FTO/c-TiO2/mp-TiO2/(FAPbI3)0.85(MAPbBr3)0.15/HTM/Au | PTAA | 22.5 | 1.11 | 0.73 | 18.4 | [50] | All-inorganic metal halide perovskites | | | | | | | FTO/c-TiO2/mp-TiO2/CsPbBr3/Carbon | None | 7.4 | 1.24 | 0.73 | 6.7 | [51] | FTO/c-TiO2/CsPbI3 QDs/HTM/MoOx/Al | Spiro-OMeTAD | 13.47 | 1.23 | 0.65 | 10.77 | [52] | FTO/c-TiO2/mp-TiO2/CsPbIBr2/HTM/Au | Spiro-OMeTAD | 7.8 | 1.13 | 0.72 | 6.3 | [53] | ITO/c-TiO2/CsPbI2Br/HTM/Ag | Spiro-OMeTAD | 13.99 | 1.10 | 0.67 | 10.34 | [54] | FTO/c-TiO2/PbI2Br/HTM/Au | Spiro-OMeTAD | 11.6 | 1.18 | 0.73 | 10.0 | [55] |
|
|