Crystallizing Vanadium Pentoxide Nanostructures in the Solid-State Using Modified Block Copolymer and Chitosan Complexes

Table 2

Summary of the morphology and size for V₂O₅ obtained from the PS-co-4-PVP·(VCl₃)_y and chitosan·(VCl₃)_y precursors in molar ratios 1 : 1, 1 : 5, and 1 : 10.

Ratio M/polymer	Morphology (SEM)	Shape, Size (TEM)
V/chitosan (1 : 1)	Porous laminar, irregular	Irregular NPs, 30–50 nm
V/chitosan (1 : 5)	Regular nanorods, 50 nm × 2 μm	Regular, 16 nm Ø
V/chitosan (1 : 10)	Micro- and nanorods, 100–200 nm	Nanobelts, 30–60 nm
V/PS-co-4-PVP (1 : 1)	Porous	Irregular NPs, 10–25 nm Ø
V/PS-co-4-PVP (1 : 5)	Irregular sheets	Agglomerates
V/PS-co-4-PVP (1 : 10)	Laminar zones	Irregular cubic NPs, agglomerates