The immune system is a complex and diverse biological network of cells, tissues, and active biomaterials. A well-functioning immune system with tuned responses is one of the main factors in human survival. Therefore, an appropriate immune response requires a regulated balance between robust reactions against non-self bodies but limited or no reactions against self cells. Mounting evidence indicates that certain cannabinoids, such as cannabidiol, have immunoregulatory potential. Several reports support the notion that cannabis and its derivatives have beneficial effects in different diseases. Thus, it is plausible to unravel the impact of cannabinoids in relation to the immune system and specifically inflammatory diseases.

Despite extensive ongoing studies on the medicinal effects of cannabis and cannabinoids, it is still largely unknown how cannabis and cannabinoids exert their therapeutic effects. Furthermore, the exact mechanisms of the endocannabinoid system and its relationship with cannabis and phytocannabinoids are still obscure. The demand for new alternative therapeutic modalities for diseases has never been as high as it is now.

This Special Issue is dedicated to exploring the interaction between medicinal cannabis and the immune system, as well as the cross-talk between immunity and the endocannabinoid system and how the application of phytocannabinoids may affect the endocannabinoid system. We will focus on preclinical/basic, clinical, and translational research and studies on the immunologic effects of cannabis and cannabinoids, and the mechanisms by which cannabis can modulate innate and acquired immunity, for the benefit of both academia and industry. We welcome both original research and review articles.

Potential topics include but are not limited to the following:

• Medicinal cannabis and inflammation
• Medicinal cannabis and autoimmunity
• Medicinal cannabis and cancer
• Medicinal cannabis and neurodegenerative diseases
• Medicinal cannabis and depression
• Medicinal cannabis and metabolic diseases