Review Article
Emerging Role and Therapeutic Implication of Wnt Signaling Pathways in Autoimmune Diseases
Table 2
MicroRNAs target Wnt signaling in autoimmune diseases.
| MicroRNA | Expression | Potential target of Wnt component(s) | Involvement of autoimmune diseases | Reference(s) |
| miR-422a | Upregulated | Wnt signaling and KLK4 | Human LN | [72] |
| miR-449a | Upregulated | Wnt and NOTCH signaling | Human celiac disease (CD) | [73] |
| miR-663 | Upregulated | Directly targeting APC of Wnt signaling | Downregulating APC to activate Wnt signaling and increase the FLS proliferation and the expression MMP3 and fibronectin in human RA | [74] |
| miR-26b | Downregulated | Wnt/GSK-3β/β-catenin pathway | Alleviating inflammation associated with RA by targeting Wnt signaling | [75] |
| miR-29a | Downregulated | Directly targeting DKK1 and GSK3β of Wnt signaling | Regulating TNF-α mediated bone loss in human AS | [76] |
| miR-152 | Downregulated | Indirectly regulating SFRP4 by targeting DNMT1 and MeCP2 | Pathogenesis of RA | [35, 77] |
| miR-375 | Downregulated | FZD8 | Arthritis synovial fibroblasts of rat AIA model | [78] |
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AIA: adjuvant-induced arthritis; APC: adenomatous polyposis coli; AS: Ankylosing spondylitis; CD: celiac disease; DNMT: DNA methyltransferase; FLS: fibroblast-like synoviocytes; FZD8: frizzled 8; KLK4: kallikrein-related peptidase 4; MeCP2: methyl CpG binding protein 2; MMP: matrix metalloprotease; RA: rheumatoid arthritis; SFRP4: secreted frizzled-related protein 4; TNF-α: tumor necrosis factor-alpha.
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