The Mechanisms Underlying Chronic Inflammation in Rheumatoid Arthritis from the Perspective of the Epigenetic Landscape

Table 1

Abnormality of histone modifications in RASFs.

Epigenetic alterations	Function	References
Increase of H3K27me3 by upregulated EZH2	Decrease of SFRP1 involved in Wnt signaling inhibition	[85]
Increase of H3K4me3, decrease of H3K27me3, and increase of H3ac	Increase of TBX5 involved in chemokine production	[86]
Increase of H3K4me3 and decrease of H3K27me3	Increase of MMP-1, MMP-3, MMP-9, and MMP-13 involved in extracellular matrix degradation	[87]
Increase of H3ac	Increase of IL-6 involved in inflammation	[88]
Decrease of HDAC activity and expression	Histone hyperacetylation	[89]
Increase of HDAC activity and expression	Histone hypoacetylation	[90]