Chronic Inflammation and Cytokines in the Tumor Microenvironment

Table 1

Cancer associated with chronic inflammatory disorders.

Cancer	Associated inflammatory stimuli	Reference
Colorectal cancer/colitis-associated cancer	Inflammatory bowel diseases (ulcerative colitis and Crohn's diseases)	[8]
Cholangiocarcinoma	Liver fluke and primary sclerosing cholangitis	[9]
Gastric cancer	Chronic gastritis (H. Pylori )	[10]
Lung cancer	Inflammation caused by asbestos, infections, smoking, and silica	[11]
Prostate cancer	E. coli infection of prostate	[12]
Hepatocellular carcinoma	Infection with hepatitis virus B and hepatitis virus C	[13]
Melanoma	UV irradiation-associated skin inflammation	[14]
Endometrial carcinoma	Endometriosis	[15]
Gall bladder carcinoma	Gall bladder stone-associated chronic cholecystitis	[16, 17]
Esophageal cancer	Barrett's esophagitis	[18]