Chemical Profiling and Biological Activities of Ziziphus Mauritiana var. spontanea (Edgew.) R.R. Stewart ex Qaiser & Nazim. and Oenothera Biennis L.

Table 10

Anti-inflammatory activity Oenothera biennis L.

Treatment	Dose (mg/kg)	Paw volume after drug administration (Mean + SEM)
		After 1 hour	After 2 hour	After 3 hour	After 4 hour	After 5 hour
Normal saline		0.90 ± 0.02	0.77 ± 0.08	0.86 ± 0.10	0.95 ± 0.02	1.50 ± 0.27
Diclofenac sodium	10 mg/kg	0.80 ± 0.04 (11.11%)	0.54 ± 0.04 (29.8%)	0.45 ± 0.03 (47.67%)	0.52 ± 0.04 (45.2%)	0.38 ± 0.08 (75.4%)
Ethyl acetate extract	100 mg/kg	0.86 ± 0.01 (4.44%)	0.67 ± 0.07 (12.98%)	0.72 ± 0.15 (16.27%)	0.64 ± 0.10 (57.3%)	0.70 ± 0.11 (53.3%)
	200 mg/kg	0.85 ± 0.02 (5.55%)	0.58 ± 0.08 (24.6%)	0.66 ± 0.05 (23.2%)	0.55 ± 0.11 (42.1%)	0.48 ± 0.05 (68.0%)
	300 mg/kg	0.83 ± 0.03 (7.77%)	0.61 ± 0.09 (20.7%)	0.68 ± 0.11 (20.9%)	0.49 ± 0.09 (48.4%)	0.43 ± 0.02 (71.3%)
Ethanolic extract	100 mg/kg	0.87 ± 0.07 (3.33%)	0.64 ± 0.11 (16.8%)	0.73 ± 0.15 (15.1%)	0.61 ± 0.07 (35.7%)	0.50 ± 0.06 (66.6%)
	200 mg/kg	0.87 ± 0.06 (3.33%)	0.59 ± 0.11 (23.3%)	0.67 ± 0.100 (22.0%)	0.5733 ±0 .13051 (26.0%)	0.4633 ±0 .06028 (69.3%)
	300 mg/kg	0.84 ± 0.04 (6.66%)	0.57 ± 0.15 (26.0%)	0.63 ± 0.08 (18.1%)	0.56 ± 0.06 (41.0%)	0.40 ± 0.02 (73.3%)

Values are expressed as mean ± standard deviation. Significance is shown as significant, more significant, and highly significant.