Inhibitory Activities of Thai Culinary Vegetables against Key Enzymes Relevant to Diabetes Mellitus and the Kinetics of Enzyme Inhibitions

Table 2

The α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitory activities of vegetable extracts.

Scientific name	Percentage of inhibition against α-glucosidase (%)			Percentage of inhibition against α-amylase (%)
	Water	Ethanol	Hexane	Water	Ethanol	Hexane
Adenanthera pavonina L	nd	nd	nd	nd	nd	nd
Alpinia purpurata (Vielle.) schum	nd	nd	nd	nd	nd	nd
Amaranthus lividus L	nd	nd	nd	nd	nd	nd
Azadirachta indica A. Juss. var. siamensis Valeton	nd	nd	nd	nd	nd	nd
Basella alba L	nd	nd	nd	nd	nd	nd
Brassica juncea (L.) Czern	nd	nd	nd	nd	nd	nd
Coccinia grandis (L.) Voigt	nd	67.30 ± 1.39	nd	nd	35.12 ± 3.06	nd
Cucurbita moschata Decne	nd	nd	nd	nd	nd	nd
Lasia spinosa (L.) thwaites	nd	nd	nd	nd	nd	nd
Leucaena leucocephala (Lamk.) de Wit	22.40 ± 1.54	96.10 ± 1.64	nd	nd	31.81 ± 3.19	nd
Limnophila aromatica	nd	nd	3.69 ± 1.62	nd	nd	nd
Limnocharis flava (L.) Buchenau	nd	nd	nd	nd	nd	nd
Luffa acutangula (Linn.) Roxb	nd	15.56 ± 0.79	nd	nd	nd	nd
Monochoria hastata (L.) solms	nd	24.69 ± 2.76	nd	nd	nd	nd
Moringa oleifera Lam	nd	nd	nd	nd	nd	nd
Piper sarmentosum Roxb	12.69 ± 1.40	6.66 ± 1.91	nd	nd	nd	nd
Polygonum odoratum Lour	93.47 ± 1.66	96.19 ± 1.15	nd	nd	7.67 ± 1.05	nd
Sesbania grandiflora (L.) Desv	nd	nd	nd	nd	nd	nd
Syzygium gratum (Wight) S.N. Mitra var. gratum	55.12 ± 1.71	53.11 ± 1.44	6.17 ± 2.92	nd	22.42 ± 0.16	nd
Trichosanthes anguina Linn	22.84 ± 2.40	17.40 ± 1.03	nd	nd	nd	nd

Remarks: All data was expressed as mean ± standard deviation (S.D.). Nd indicates “not detected.”