Acorn Oil: Chemistry and Functionality

Table 1

Fatty acid composition of acorn species (% dry weight basis).

Acorn species	Source	Saturated				Monounsaturated		Polyunsaturated		SFA	USFA	References
		C14 : 0	C16 : 0	C18 : 0	C20 : 0	C16 : 1	C18 : 1	C18 : 2	C18 : 3	(%)	(%)
Q. ilex	Algeria	—	16.5	—	—	—	65.0	17.6	0.9	16.5	83.5	[12]
Q. suber		—	17.0	—	—	—	63.8	17.8	0.9	17.0	83.0
Q. aegilops	Jordan	0.17	18.7	1.02	0.18	0.19	55.6	21.7	1.6	20.52	79.54	[2]
Q. infectoria		0.12	17.8	1.5	0.22	0.25	56.1	21.3	1.6	20.44	79.4
Q. calliprinos		0.13	18.4	1.6	0.22	0.26	53.3	23.4	1.5	21.01	78.95
Q. pontica	Turkey	0.5	18.2	2.1	0.4	0.8	32.6	35.9	—	23.1	75.6	[5]
Q. robur		0.2	18.9	2.0	0.7	0.8	22.6	41.9	—	23.9	70.7
Q. hartwissiana		0.2	17.1	1.8	0.6	0.5	21.4	49.1	—	21.3	76.8
Q. frainetto		0.4	20.9	3.2	0.8	0.6	25.7	38.7	—	27.7	70.2
Q. petraea		0.2	19.6	1.8	0.5	0.4	41.4	31.1	—	23.1	75.9
Q. vulcanica		0.6	13.8	4.0	0.5	0.5	50.2	25.1	—	20.4	79.3
Q. ithaburensis		0.7	22.8	3.1	0.8	1.8	16.9	38.7	—	29.9	64.4
Q. brantii		0.2	19.0	2.5	0.5	0.2	46.8	26.1	—	23.1	28.6
Q. libani		0	13.5	1.9	0.4	0.2	54.3	24.2	—	17.0	26.1
Q. trojana		0.3	15.7	1.5	0.3	0.4	49.7	26.0	—	18.6	29.0
		0.2	17.0	1.8	0.3	0.2	51.4	24.7		20.2	27.0
Q. rubra	Latvia	—	8	1.3	0.3	0.1	62.3	27.1	0.3	9.8	90.2	[13]
Q. robur		—	14.5	1.3	0.4	0.1	41.3	39.9	1.7	16.6	83.4
—	Turkey	0.12	13.80	1.54	0.25	0.31	57.80	24.16	1.29	15.99	84.01	[14]
Q. faginea	Spain	0.19	11.69	3.50	0.58	0.36	62.44	16.42	0.74	16.96	83.04	[15]
Q. suber		0.31	14.27	2.74	0.26	0.26	56.25	20.73	1.34	18.64	81.73
Q. pyrenaica		0.18	12.17	3.23	0.54	0.38	57.46	21.30	0.80	17.15	82.85
Q. coccifera		0.30	16.22	3.31	0.29	0.37	48.02	25.38	1.57	21.01	79
Q. ilex		0.18	12.28	4.03	0.36	0.17	65.83	14.17	0.54	17.44	82.65
Q. faginea	Portugal	—	18	2	0.5	0.3	51	20	—	22	78	[6]
Q. ilex		—	14	1	0.4	0.3	64	14	—	16	84
Q. nigra		—	17	2	0.4	0.5	48	26	—	18	80
Q. suber		—	14	2	0.1	1	55	21	—	20	81
Q. robur	Serbia	—	14.8	1.1	0.2	0.4	44.3	37.2	1.8	16.1	83.7	[16]
Q. cerris		—	16.9	1.2	0.2	<0.1	43	32.6	3.7	20.7	79.3

SFA, saturated fatty acid; USFA, unsaturated fatty acid; —, not known.