Freshwater security is critical to human health, economic activity, and environmental activities. Therefore, the security and safety of drinking water should be the priority for water utility management. Water pollution has now become a major environmental problem due to natural and anthropogenic causes and despite the progressive global development in sciences and technology, water supplies are becoming extensively polluted from human activities. Furthermore, freshwater resources are globally limited and due to climate change, production of industrial waste, and urbanization in semi-arid and arid regions it is necessary to recycle water for different uses.

As water quality can be an indicator of public health, the importance of water quality cannot be ignored and over the last few decades, water demand has been increasing. Water quality is affected by numerous human activities including industrial and agricultural activity. Contaminants including chemicals, microorganisms, industrial wastes, toxic substances, and wastewater in high concentrations can result in unsafe drinking water. Contaminated water can result in skin disease, kidney damage, circulatory system problems, gastrointestinal stress, increased risk of cancer, blue baby syndrome, nervous system disorders, and bone damage and it is estimated that many children die annually due to diarrheal diseases. Therefore, it is crucial to address water quality to improve human health.

This Special Issue aims to provide an opportunity for researchers to share original research and review articles focusing on water quality and its associated health risks. This Special Issue will highlight fundamental research on water quality and health risks and water quality assessment. This Special Issue also aims to further research to support the sustainable use of water resources.

Potential topics include but are not limited to the following:

• Water quality and risk assessment
• Wastewater pollution and associated health risks
• Climate change impacts on water and risk assessment
• Organic and inorganic pollutants in water
• Contaminated water and human health