Risky Alcohol Consumption and Heavy Episodic Drinking among Parents in Germany: Results of a Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study
Table 2
Prevalence of risky alcohol consumption and heavy episodic drinking among mothers and fathers according to selected covariates, n = 16,224.
Risky alcohol consumptiona
Heavy episodic drinkingb
Mothers
Fathers
Mothers
Fathers
%
95% CI
%
95% CI
%
95% CI
%
95% CI
Total
18.4
(17.5–19.3)
29.6
(28.2–31.0)
8.4
(7.8–9.1)
21.0
(19.8–22.2)
Age group
18–29
13.3
(10.9–16.2)
27.4
(21.8–33.9)
7.4
(5.6–9.8)
22.4
(17.3–28.6)
30–39
15.5
(14.2–16.9)
28.4
(26.0–30.9)
7.2
(6.3–8.3)
21.7
(19.5–24.0)
40–49
21.6
(20.3–23.1)
29.6
(27.7–31.5)
9.8
(8.8–10.9)
21.1
(19.4–22.8)
50+
23.9
(20.2–28.0)
32.9
(29.3–36.8)
8.9
(6.7–11.7)
18.8
(16.0–22.1)
value
<0.001
0.190
0.005
0.483
Educationc
Low
12.4
(10.4–14.7)
26.6
(23.8–29.5)
6.9
(5.5–8.6)
18.0
(15.7–20.6)
Middle
19.1
(18.0–20.3)
32.2
(30.2–34.3)
9.2
(8.4–10.1)
23.7
(21.9–25.6)
High
23.1
(21.4–24.9)
28.4
(26.5–30.4)
7.8
(6.7–9.0)
19.7
(18.1–21.5)
value
<0.001
0.002
0.019
<0.001
Incomed
Low
11.9
(9.9–14.2)
23.6
(19.6–28.2)
5.9
(4.5–7.6)
16.1
(12.8–20.2)
Middle
18.8
(17.8–19.9)
30.0
(28.3–31.6)
8.9
(8.1–9.7)
21.5
(20.1–23.0)
High
23.3
(21.1–25.7)
32.4
(29.7–35.3)
9.3
(7.8–10.9)
22.7
(20.3–25.2)
value
<0.001
0.004
0.003
0.014
Employment status
Nonemployed
12.9
(11.4–14.6)
27.2
(21.4–33.9)
6.3
(5.2–7.5)
17.8
(13.0–23.9)
Part time
20.8
(19.6–22.1)
29.0
(23.8–34.7)
9.5
(8.6–10.4)
16.0
(12.0–20.8)
Full time
20.1
(18.1–22.2)
29.9
(28.4–31.3)
8.9
(7.5–10.4)
21.5
(20.3–22.8)
value
<0.001
0.654
<0.001
0.084
Experienced unemploymente
No
19.0
(18.0–19.9)
30.1
(28.7–31.5)
8.8
(8.1–9.5)
21.4
(20.2–22.6)
Yes
13.7
(11.4–16.4)
22.7
(17.5–28.9)
5.9
(4.4–7.7)
16.3
(11.7–22.1)
value
<0.001
0.024
0.005
0.087
Migration background
No
20.4
(19.4–21.5)
31.6
(30.1–33.2)
9.1
(8.4–9.9)
21.7
(20.4–23.0)
Yes
12.2
(10.4–14.3)
23.5
(20.2–27.1)
6.8
(5.5–8.5)
19.4
(16.5–22.7)
value
<0.001
<0.001
0.013
0.195
Living with partner
No
21.1
(18.9–23.5)
31.4
(24.8–38.9)
9.8
(8.3–11.5)
24.2
(18.2–31.4)
Yes
17.9
(16.9–18.9)
29.5
(28.1–30.9)
8.2
(7.5–9.0)
20.9
(19.7–22.1)
value
0.009
0.597
0.066
0.308
Children in household
1
19.2
(17.9–20.6)
30.7
(28.7–32.8)
9.3
(8.4–10.3)
21.1
(19.4–22.9)
2
18.8
(17.4–20.2)
29.7
(27.6–31.8)
8.0
(7.1–9.0)
22.1
(20.3–24.0)
3+
14.2
(12.0–16.7)
25.0
(21.3–29.2)
6.7
(5.2–8.8)
16.9
(13.8–20.6)
value
0.002
0.051
0.033
0.045
Age of the youngest child
0–6
14.4
(13.2–15.6)
27.4
(25.4–29.5)
6.7
(5.9–7.6)
20.9
(19.1–22.7)
7–13
20.9
(19.4–22.5)
29.5
(27.4–31.8)
9.4
(8.3–10.6)
20.8
(18.9–22.9)
14–17
22.6
(20.4–25.0)
34.3
(31.1–37.7)
10.6
(9.1–12.4)
21.6
(18.9–24.5)
value
<0.001
0.001
<0.001
0.896
aAUDIT-C score (mothers: ≥4; fathers: ≥5); b≥6 alcoholic drinks on a single occasion at least once a month; caccording to the CASMIN classification; dnet equivalent income compared with the median net equivalent income (low: under 60%, middle: 60–150%, high: >150%); e12 months or more in the last 5 years.
