Thermal Pyrolysis of Used Tyres to Produce Liquid Fuel: Process Optimization and How It Compares to Microwave Pyrolysis

Table 4

Optimization runs for thermal pyrolysis process.

Std	Run	X1: reaction temperature (°C)	X2: reaction time (mins)	X3: particle size (mm^2)	Exp. liquid fuel yield (wt. %)	Predicted liquid yield (wt. %)	Residual
31	1	400	26	112.5	28.5	28.5	-0.0012
38	2	400	60	25	39.3	39.31	-0.0126
8	3	300	80	60	34.3	34.3	0.0041
5	4	500	40	60	35.6	35.59	0.0078
21	5	300	80	165	31.5	31.5	-0.0041
6	6	500	40	60	35.6	35.59	0.0078
44	7	400	60	112.5	37.4	37.4	0.0009
1	8	300	40	60	30.8	30.8	0.0029
4	9	500	40	60	35.6	35.59	0.0078
9	10	300	80	60	34.3	34.3	0.0041
10	11	500	80	60	40.4	40.39	0.0091
11	12	500	80	60	40.4	40.39	0.0091
30	13	568	60	112.5	36.7	36.71	-0.0085
41	14	400	60	200	33.5	33.49	0.0071
27	15	232	60	112.5	27.9	27.9	0.0032
23	16	500	80	165	37.2	37.2	0.0009
3	17	300	40	60	30.8	30.8	0.0029
29	18	568	60	112.5	36.7	36.71	-0.0085
20	19	300	80	165	31.5	31.5	-0.0041
24	20	500	80	165	37.2	37.2	0.0009
40	21	400	60	200	33.5	33.49	0.0071
28	22	568	60	112.5	36.7	36.71	-0.0085
37	23	400	60	25	39.3	39.31	-0.0126
7	24	300	80	60	34.3	34.3	0.0041
13	25	300	40	165	27	27.01	-0.0053
36	26	400	94	112.5	36.4	36.4	-0.0041
15	27	300	40	165	27.1	27.01	0.0947
45	28	400	60	112.5	37.4	37.4	0.0009
35	29	400	94	112.5	36.4	36.4	-0.0041
34	30	400	94	112.5	36.4	36.4	-0.0041
32	31	400	26	112.5	28.5	28.5	-0.0012
19	32	300	80	165	31.5	31.5	-0.0041
33	33	400	26	112.5	28.5	28.5	-0.0012
22	34	500	80	165	37.2	37.2	0.0009
39	35	400	60	25	39.3	39.31	-0.0126
25	36	232	60	112.5	27.9	27.9	0.0032
12	37	500	80	60	40.4	40.39	0.0091
16	38	500	40	165	31.4	31.4	-0.0004
26	39	232	60	112.5	27.9	27.9	0.0032
43	40	400	60	112.5	37.4	37.4	0.0009
17	41	500	40	165	31.4	31.4	-0.0004
2	42	300	40	60	30.8	30.8	0.0029
18	43	500	40	165	31.4	31.4	-0.0004
42	44	400	60	200	33.5	33.49	0.0071
14	45	300	40	165	26.9	27.01	-0.1053