“Minus 1” and Energy Costs Constants: Sectorial Implications

Figure 11

Distribution of energy expenditures and energy costs share (“energy costs share and income cross”) by income deciles in four countries. Note: data for Japan, Russia, and China show the shares of energy costs in incomes that make eligible for support for the energy poor. 2005 data for UK show the energy cost share for households that do not receive support. For the first two deciles the share of energy costs in income is approximately 2% higher than for those who get support. This pattern for the UK is expected to keep stable until 2020. Sources: Palmer and Cooper, 2013 [26]; Druckman and Jackson, 2008 [27]; Statistics Bureau of Japan, 2015 [28]; China Statistical Yearbook 2013 [29]; Rosstat [23]; Belfield et al., 2014 [30].

(a) UK, average weekly energy expenditures per household (2011) and the share thereof in income (2005)

(b) Japan, average weekly energy expenditures per household and the share thereof in income, 2013

(c) Russia, average monthly energy expenditures per household and the share thereof in income, 2013

(d) China, average annual energy expenditures per household and the share thereof in income, 2012. Not all deciles are covered by the information source