Studying the Synergetic Effect of Point-Extraction and Longitudinal Ventilation on the Maximum Smoke Temperature and Back-Layering Length in Tunnel Fires

Figure 6

Temperature distribution in a tunnel with various extraction velocities (HRR = 5 kW, L.V. = 0.265 m/s, with various E.V.). (a) Without extraction. (b) Without extraction. (c) E.V. = 1 m/s. (d) E.V. = 1 m/s. (e) E.V. = 2 m/s. (f) E.V. = 2 m/s. (g) E.V. = 3 m/s. (h) E.V. = 3 m/s.