Studying the Synergetic Effect of Point-Extraction and Longitudinal Ventilation on the Maximum Smoke Temperature and Back-Layering Length in Tunnel Fires

<div>The variation of back-layering flow length with vertical extraction velocity (HRR = 5 kW, L.V. = 0.53 m/s, and E.V. = 3 m/s).</div>

Journal of Engineering

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Figure 4

Figure 4: Studying the Synergetic Effect of Point-Extraction and Longitudinal Ventilation on the Maximum Smoke Temperature and Back-Layering Length in Tunnel Fires 

Figure 4 | Studying the Synergetic Effect of Point-Extraction and Longitudinal Ventilation on the Maximum Smoke Temperature and Back-Layering Length in Tunnel Fires 