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| Source | Objectives | Region | Methodology | Findings |
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| [72] | Assessed the predictions of regular streamflow by applying two basic theoretical models and one complex model to four major watercourses | Blue Nile flow at the Ethiopian-Sudanese border | Rainfall-runoff models, GR4 J, IHACRES, and SWAT were chosen to evaluate the hydrological processes | The GR4 J model produced the best results for the Ribb watershed, the SWAT model for the Gilgel Abay watershed, and the IHACRES model for the Gummera and Megech watersheds |
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| [73] | Determined the parametric uncertainty in hydrological modelling using generalised likelihood uncertainty estimation (GLUE) | Kootenay watershed, Canada | The hydrological model employed in this study was the simple LUmped reservoir parametric (SLURP) model | The model predicted the outflows with reasonable accuracy and hence could be used for future modelling of similar watersheds |
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| [74] | Variable infiltration capacity model (VIC), TOPMODEL, HBV, MIKESHE, and soil and water assessment tool (SWAT) model | — | Use of existing literatures | SWAT model requires just a little direct calibration to achieve satisfactory hydrological projections |
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| [75] | Assessment of the impact of climate change on the hydrological regime of the Paraguaçu River Basin | Paraguaçu River Basin, northeastern Brazil | Hydrological impact simulations were conducted using the soil and water assessment tool (SWAT) for 2020–2040 | The bias correction algorithm plays a significant role when assessing climate model estimates and their applicability to hydrological modelling |
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| [76] | MIKE SHE, a hydrological modelling system, was used to simulate surface flow as runoff and underground drainage via infrastructure for draining surfaces | Argesel River | MIKE SHE modelling system was used | The soil type has an effect on the functions of infiltration/evapotranspiration and recharge, and the matrix of hydraulic conductivity is the dominant parameter at the saturated zone level |
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| [77] | Evaluation of the capability of the hydrological model catchment simulation (CSIM) to characterize the seasonal and regional differences in river discharge | Baltic sea drainage basin (BSDB) | Spatiotemporal bias was used in the allocation of monthly modelling errors over the BSDB | The CSIM model reproduced the yearly flows over the BSDB with precision |
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| [78] | Examine the role of hydrological models in complexity | France, the United States, Australia, the Ivory Coast, and Brazil | A detailed comparative performance assessment of 19 daily lumped models systems was performed on 429 catchments | The arrangement of components is not appropriate for extracting information in the hydrological time series |
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| [79] | Review of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) analysis of models of soil water flow | — | Use of existing literatures | If models become more user-friendly (or tolerant) and perceive heterogeneity, the likelihood that they will be adopted by the wider model user community will increase |
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| [80] | System definition and algorithms used to measure the different components of hydrology | North Carolina | Calibration of DRAINMOD with 2-year site data for underground drained farming | DRAINMOD is a process based model, distributed on a field scale that can explain poorly drained and artificially drained soil hydrology |
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| [81] | Studied the effects on runoff and water balance of the soil characteristics | Ribb and Gumara | The soil and water assessment tool (SWAT) was employed to simulate surface runoff response | The SWAT model gets well observed flow with a Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) exceeding 0.74 and PBIAS exceeding 10% for the period of the calibration and verification |
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