Utilizing Coal Bottom Ash from Thermal Power Plants in Vietnam as Partial Replacement of Aggregates in Concrete Pavement

Table 1

Chemical and mineral composition of An Khanh CBA, Cao Ngan CBA and Cement.

Composition	Properties	An Khanh CBA	Cao Ngan CBA	Cement PCB40
		Content (%)
Chemical composition	SiO2	60.12	37.5	20.32
	Fe2O3	24.93	11.93	3.30
	Al2O3	2.30	2.70	5.00
	SO3	0.77	8.76	1.15
	CaO	1.30	19.67	62.5
	MgO	3.71	1.25	0.13
	K2O	0.34	1.66	0.75
	Na2O	0.30	0.05	0.26
	Loss of ignition	3.99	12.47
	Alkaline index	0.08	0.52
	Activity index, Al2O3/SiO2	0.038	0.072
	CaO + MgO	5.01	20.92
Mineral composition	Mica	14–16	14–16
	Pyrophyllite	5–7	—
	Gypsum	—	14–16
	Quartz	47–49	20–22
	Calcite	1–3	13–15
	Goethite	4–6	—
	Hematite	4–6	5–7
	Other	4% feldspat, amorphous substance	24% anhydride
	C3S			51.1
	C2S			25.0
	C3A			8.1
	C4AF			10.0