Growth of Zinc Oxide Nanorods with the Thickness of Less than or Equal to 1 μm through Zinc Acetate or Zinc Nitrate for Perovskite Solar Cell Applications

Figure 3

SEM images (cross section view) of ZnO NRs from both zinc sources, i.e., ZA (left column) and ZN (right column), grown using the waterbath method at t = 0, 15, 60, 90, and 120 minutes. (a) t = 0 minutes, ZA. (b) t = 0 minutes, ZN. (c) t = 15 minutes, ZA. (d) t = 15 minutes, ZN. (e) t = 60 minutes, ZA. (f) t = 60 minutes, ZN. (g) t = 90 minutes, ZA. (h) t = 90 minutes, ZN. (i) t = 120 minutes, ZA. (j) t = 120 minutes, ZN.

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