Research Article
Depressive Symptoms in Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: The LINDA-Brazil Study
Table 1
Frequency of depressive symptom scores obtained using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, according to sociodemographic characteristics (
).
| | Variables | Score | Self-harm intent
n (%) | <12
n (%) | ≥12
n (%) | ≥18
n (%) |
| | Total | 563 (69) | 257 (31) | 81 (9.9) | 68 (8.3) | | Age (years) | | 18 to 29 | 223 (70) | 97 (30) | 31 (10) | 26 (8) | | 30 to 39 | 279 (68) | 132 (32) | 39 (9) | 34 (8) | | ≥40 | 60 (69) | 27 (31) | 11 (13) | 8 (9.2) | | Living with a partner | | Yes | 511 (71) | 214 (29) | 67 (9) | 57 (8) | | No | 52 (55) | 43 (45) | 14 (15) | 11 (12) | | Education | | Complete/incomplete university degree | 73 (84) | 14 (16) | 6 (7) | 3 (4) | | Complete high school | 230 (73) | 86 (27) | 22 (7) | 18 (6) | | Incomplete high school | 140 (63) | 81 (37) | 30 (14) | 29 (13) | | Incomplete elementary school | 120 (61) | 76 (39) | 23 (12) | 18 (9) | | Household income (minimum wages) | | ≥3 | 92 (77) | 27 (23) | 4 (3) | 2 (2) | | 2 to <3 | 133 (76) | 42 (24) | 10 (6) | 7 (4) | | 1 to <2 | 210 (66) | 107 (34) | 43 (14) | 28 (9) | | <1 | 120 (61) | 77 (39) | 23 (12) | 28 (14) | | Prepregnancy body mass index | | <25 kg/m2 | 126 (70) | 55 (30) | 17 (9) | 14 (8) | | Overweight | 167 (69) | 74 (31) | 22 (9) | 20 (8) | | Obese class I | 145 (66) | 74 (34) | 23 (11) | 17 (8) | | Obese class II/III | 106 (69) | 47 (31) | 16 (11) | 15 (10) | | Insulin use during pregnancy | | No | 500 (69) | 224 (31) | 74 (10) | 64 (9) | | Yes | 63 (66) | 33 (34) | 7 (7) | 4 (4) | | Parity | | 0 | 140 (76) | 44 (24) | 10 (5) | 11 (6) | | 1 to 2 | 260 (69) | 117 (31) | 40 (11) | 30 (8) | | ≥3 | 87 (58) | 64 (42) | 18 (12) | 20 (13) | | Abortions | | 0 | 355 (70) | 150 (30) | 43 (9) | 42 (8) | | 1 to 3 | 128 (64) | 73 (36) | 25 (12) | 19 (9) | | ≥4 | 4 (57) | 3 (43) | 1 (14) | 0 (0) |
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