Research Article

Diabetes Mellitus and Increased Tuberculosis Susceptibility: The Role of Short-Chain Fatty Acids

Figure 3

The effects of butyrate on TLR signalling mediators. (a) PBMCs were preincubated with 50 μM C4 (1 h) and stimulated with Mtb lysate or LPS. Cell lysates were harvested at 30 min after stimulation. Phospho-p38, p38, phospho-ERK, and ERK protein levels were determined by Western blot using specific antibodies (). (b) Gene expression levels of SOCS1, SOCS3, ST2, and Tollip in PBMCs preincubated with 50 μM C4 (1 h) and stimulated with Mtb lysate or LPS (4 h) as measured by qPCR. The box plot represents median with first and third quartiles; the whiskers represent minimum and maximum values. , using Wilcoxon signed-rank test, representative of 3 independent experiments. .
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