Nonlinear Dynamic Model-Based Adaptive Control of a Solenoid-Valve System

<table>Displacement tracking error <svg height="14.57625" id="M328" style="vertical-align:-2.21957pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 23.501249 14.57625" width="23.501249" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
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<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,0.498,2.711)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">𝑒</tspan>
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="5.5638885" y="0">(</tspan>
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="9.7274275" y="0">𝑡</tspan>
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</svg> (adaptive approach).</table>

Journal of Control Science and Engineering

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Figure 7

Figure 7: Nonlinear Dynamic Model-Based Adaptive Control of a Solenoid-Valve System 