Tartaric Acid-Modified Holarrhena antidysenterica and Citrullus colocynthis Biowaste for Efficient Eradication of Crystal Violet Dye from Water

Table 2

Kinetic parameters for CV dye removal.

Kinetic model	HA	HA (acid treated)	CC	CC (acid treated)
Elovich
a (g/mg min)	2.126335	4.231261	2.187151	4.968411
b (g/mg)	16.12903	6.169031	3.648304	3.031222
R^2	0.4506	0.7526	0.8017	0.8255
RMSE	7938.098	4817.005	159202.223	774074.334
Pseudo-first-order
qe (exp) (mg/g)	1.071428571	2.2	2	2.833333
qe (cal) (mg/g)	0.058695	7.316443	2.5211576	1.4537844
k1 (min^−1)	0.058496	0.0508963	0.0265	0.2047367
R^2	0.5643	0.5485	0.5599	0.9437
P (%)	10.16647	−11.25655	7.3942122	3.20232563
RMSE	240	71	571	1789
Pseudo-second-order
q^−1	0.344	1.010	0.484	0.548
k2 (g/(mg min))	1.741	0.622	0.353	0.229
qe (Cal) (mg/g)	0.989	2.063	1.823	2.904
t^1/2	0.581	0.778	1.551	1.503
h(mg/g·min)	1.706	2.652	1.176	1.932
R^2	0.9913	0.9981	0.992	0.9982
P (%)	0.763	0.618	0.881	−0.251
RMSE	30	60	527	740
Intraparticle diffusion
kid (mg/(g·min^1/2)	0.035	0.0659	0.1087	0.1346
C (mg·g^−1)	0.7285	1.6135	1.0853	1.9484
R^2	0.6021	0.6401	0.6492	0.7075
Film diffusion
KFD (1/min)	0.0125	0.0145	0.0399	0.0889
R^2	0.8032	0.8478	0.9398	0.9437