Exact Algorithms for Practical Instances of the Railcar Loading Problem at Marine Container Terminals

Table 1

Summary of key studies of double-stack rail optimization.

Study	Country	Maritime
Pacanovsky et al. [9]	United States	No
Lai et al. [10]	United States	No
Lang et al. [11]	China	No
Upadhyay et al. [12]	India	No
Ng and Talley [13]	United States	Yes