Usage Patterns of Electric Bicycles: An Analysis of the WeBike Project

Table 1

Summary of previous e-bike field studies.

Reference	Purpose	Location	Participants	Duration	Data collected
Kiefer and Behrendt [17]	Usage	Brighton, UK	30 bikes/93 riders	10 months	GPS, assistance level, accelerometer
Fyhri and Fearnley [18]	Usage	Norway	66	2–4 weeks	Odometer
Paefgen and Michahelles [19]	Usage	Switzerland	17	4 months	GPS
MacArthur et al. [23]	Usage	Portland, OR, USA	30 bikes	1.5 years	Participant surveys
Dozza et al. [24]	Safety	Gothenburg, SE	3 bikes/12 riders	2 weeks	Video, GPS, braking force, lateral movement
Langford et al. [25]	Safety	Knoxville, TN, USA	12 bikes	2 years	GPS
Schleinitz et al. [26]	Speed	Germany	85	4 weeks	Video, speedometer
Fluchter and Wortmann [20]	IoT issues	Switzerland	32 bikes	4 months	GPS