Loneliness Relates to Functional Mobility in Older Adults with Type 2 Diabetes: The Look AHEAD Study

Table 1

Characteristics of participants with nonmissing loneliness scale at the Look AHEAD-E visit.

	Nonmissing	Overall	Intervention arm		value
			DSE	ILI
N		3190	1553	1634
Baseline characteristics
Age	3190	58.3 (6.4)	58.3 (6.4)	58.2 (6.3)	0.7042
BMI	3190	35.9 (6.0)	36.0 (5.8)	35.7 (6.1)	0.1338
Gender	3190				0.4756
Male		1214 (38.1%)	581 (37.4%)	633 (38.7%)
Female		1976 (61.9%)	973 (62.6%)	1003 (61.4%)
Race/ethnicity	3190				0.6896
White		1939 (60.8%)	950 (61.1%)	989 (60.5%)
Black		524 (16.4%)	260 (16.7%)	264 (16.2%)
Hispanic		440 (13.8%)	203 (13.1%)	237 (14.5%)
Others		287 (9.0%)	142 (9.1%)	145 (8.9%)
LA-E visit
Age	3190	72.7 (6.2)	72.7 (6.3)	72.7 (6.1)	0.7424
BMI	3019	33.2 (6.2)	33.6 (6.2)	32.9 (6.1)	0.0012
HbA1c%	2665	7.5 (1.5)	7.5 (1.5)	7.5 (1.4)	0.5779
PHQ-9	3052	2.7 (3.3)	2.8 (3.4)	2.6 (3.2)	0.1786
PHQ-9 = 0	3052	937 (30.7%)	458 (30.8%)	479 (30.6%)	0.9079
SF-36 general health	3156	2.9 (0.8)	2.9 (0.8)	2.9 (0.8)	0.4558
PAT-D	3157	1.5 (0.5)	1.5 (0.5)	1.5 (0.5)	0.5800
PAT-D = 1	3157	419 (13.3%)	212 (13.8%)	207 (12.8%)	0.4165
400 m walk time (min)	2632	6.7 (1.9)	6.8 (2.0)	6.7 (1.9)	0.6073
Gait speed test (sec)	2949	4.93 (1.67)	5.00 (1.71)	4.85 (1.62)	0.0168
Grip strength (right hand)	2702	23.9 (9.4)	23.8 (9.5)	24.0 (9.3)	0.5225
Taking antidepressants	2822	699 (24.8%)	337 (24.5%)	362 (25.0%)	0.7546
Taking any diabetes med	3067	2814 (91.8%)	1380 (92.3%)	1434 (91.2%)	0.2744
Biguanide	2967	2063 (69.5%)	1008 (69.5%)	1055 (69.6%)	0.9868
Insulin	2894	1344 (46.4%)	704 (49.5%)	640 (43.5%)	0.0010
Sulfonylurea	2863	979 (34.2%)	490 (35.1%)	489 (33.4%)	0.3460
TZD	2758	198 (7.2%)	94 (7.0%)	104 (7.4%)	0.6900
Loneliness	3190	3.86 (1.38)	3.90 (1.42)	3.82 (1.34)	0.1164

Values are given as mean (SD) or N (%)