Research Article

Intermediaries in Trust: Indirect Reciprocity, Incentives, and Norms

Table 3

Summary statistics by rating. Average return proportion by rating (a) and rating distribution per treatment (b). AR stands for “alternating roles” and FR for “fixed roles.”
(a) Return proportion

Treatment Negative Neutral Positive

No incentive AR 0.14 0.22 0.34
No incentive FR 0.13 0.15 0.14
Fixed incentive AR 0.08 0.16 0.24
Fixed incentive FR 0.11 0.09 0.17
A incentive AR 0.15 0.22 0.33
A incentive FR 0.18 0.16 0.28
B incentive AR 0.14 0.20 0.22
B incentive FR 0.19 0.15 0.18

All treatments 0.15 0.16 0.22

(b) Rating distribution

TreatmentNegative Neutral Positive

No incentive AR 0.42 0.22 0.36
No incentive FR 0.37 0.26 0.37
Fixed incentive AR 0.34 0.31 0.35
Fixed incentive FR 0.36 0.30 0.34
A incentive AR 0.41 0.25 0.35
A incentive FR 0.37 0.23 0.40
B incentive AR 0.33 0.29 0.38
B incentive FR 0.33 0.22 0.44

All treatments 0.36 0.26 0.38