Substance Use, Criminal Recidivism, and Mortality in Criminal Justice Clients: A Comparison between Men and Women

Table 6

Men: risk factors for criminal recidivism.

	Hazard ratio	95% confidence interval	value
Urban residence, large	0.912	0.843–0.987	0.023
Country of birth, Nordic country	1.060	0.946–1.188	0.317
Homelessness, last 30	1.163	1.059–1.276	0.001
Client has children	1.047	0.966–1.134	0.264
Work for the last 3	0.748	0.686–0.815	<0.001
Partner with substance abuse	1.018	0.907–1.142	0.766
Lifetime history of substance abuse (>1 yr)
	1.147	1.036–1.269	0.008
Sedatives	0.960	0.876–1.053	0.390
	1.146	1.036–1.269	0.008
Injection drug	1.461	1.326–1.610	<0.001
Mean number of substances used, last 30 days	1.008	0.971–1.046	0.686
Main crime in index verdict
Violent	0.762	0.665–0.873	<0.001
Property	1.235	1.104–1.382	<0.001
Drug	0.815	0.724–0.917	0.001
Economical crime	1.151	0.948–1.398	0.155
Lifetime history of psychiatric problems
Hospitalization	1.074	0.964–1.197	0.194
Suicide attempt	0.933	0.847–1.029	0.166
Cognitive problems	1.026	0.944–1.114	0.548
Difficulty controlling violent	1.215	1.119–1.320	<0.001

significantly associated with the outcome variable.