C-Peptide Reduces Mitochondrial Superoxide Generation by Restoring Complex I Activity in High Glucose-Exposed Renal Microvascular Endothelial Cells

Figure 4

Mitochondrial complex activity, as measured by spectrophotometry. (a) There is a significant decrease in complex I activity in high-glucose exposed renal MECs compared to low-glucose and high-glucose + C-peptide at both 24- and 48-hours. *, significantly less than low-glucose and high-glucose + C-peptide (𝑃<0.002 at 24 hr and 𝑃<0.0009 at 48 hr). #, significantly greater than high glucose at 48 hr (𝑃<0.05). (b) and (c) Both complex III and IV activities are not different among the treatment conditions. Data represent mean ± SEM; 𝑛=16 experiments.

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(b)

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