A Brief Review on Medicinal Plants-At-Arms against COVID-19

Table 2

List of plant-based anti-SARS-CoV-2 compounds identified through in silico approaches.

Reported methodologies	Target sites	Plant-basedantiviral compounds	Reference
Molecular docking	(i) Covid-196LU7 proteases; (ii) Covid-196Y2E proteases	(i) Coriandrin; (ii) Glabridin; (iii) Glucobrassicin; (iv) Ursolic acid; (v) Hederagenin; (vi) Apigenin; (vii) Oleanolic acid; (viii) Rosemarinic acid	[35]
In silico screening molecular docking DFT molecular modelling	(i) COVID-19 proteases	(i) Oleanic acid; (ii) Ursolic acid; (iii) Isovallesiachotamine; (iv) Vallesiachotamine; (v) Cadambine; (vi) Vincosamide-N-oxide; (vii) Isodihydroaminocadambine; (viii) Pentyle ester of chlorogenic acid; (xi) D-myo-inositol	[36]
Molecular docking using autodock vina and GOLD suite Cys145 and His41 residues quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSAR)	(i) 3-C like protease	(i) Hypericin; (ii) Cyanidin 3-glucoside; (iii) Baicalin; (iv) Glabridin; (v) Α-ketoamide-11r	[37]
Molecular docking target analysis and toxicity prediction ADME prediction	(i) SARS-CoV-2 main protease	(i) Andrographolides	[38]
In silico analysis	(i) Human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (hACE-2); (ii) RNA dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp)	(i) D-viniferin; (ii) Myricitrin; (iii) Taiwanhomoflavone A; (iv) Lactucopicrin 15-oxalate; (v) Nympholide A; (vi) Afzelin; (vii) Biorobin; (viii) Hesperidin; (ix) Phyllaemblicin B	[39]
Molecular docking	(i) SARS-CoV-2 M^pro	(i) Rosmanol; (ii) Carnosol; (iii) Arjunglucoside-I	[40]
In silico analysis	(i) Higher binding affinity with targets	(i) Silybin	[41]
In silico analysis	(i) Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2	(i) Baicalin; (ii) Scutellarin; (iii) Hesperetin; (iv) Nicotianamine; (v) Glycyrrhizin	[42]
In silico analysis	(i) Glycoprotein inhibitors	(i) Hesperidine; (ii) Cannabinoids; (iii) Pectolinarin; (iv) Epigallocatechin gallate; (v) Rhoifolin	[43]
In silico analysis	(i) SARS-CoV-2 mpro	(i) Bonducellpin D; (ii) 5, 7-dimethoxyflavanone-4′-O-β-d-glucopyranoside; (iii) Caesalmin B	[44]
Molecular docking	(i) SARS-CoV-2 mpro	(i) B-eudesmol; (ii) Digitoxigenine; (iii) Crocin; (iv) a-Terpeneol; (v) b-Carophyllene; (vi) Picrocrocin; (vii) Crocetin; (viii) Calarene; (xi) Bicyclogermacrene	[45]
Molecular docking	(i) SARS-CoV-2 3CL^pro	(i) 10-hydroxyusambarensine; (ii) Cryptoquindoline; (iii) 6-oxoisoiguesterin; (iv) 22-hydroxyhopan-3-one	[46]
Molecular docking	(i) SARS-CoV-2 3CL^pro; (ii) Plpro; (iii) RdRp; (iv) Spike protein	(i) Chloroquine; (ii) Luteolin	[47]
Molecular docking	(i) SARS-CoV-2 3CL^pro	(i) Luteolin; (ii) Licoisoflavone B; (iii) Fisetin; (iv) Quercetin; (v) Glyasperin F; (vi) Isolicoflavonol; (vii) Semilicoisoflavone-B	[48]
Molecular docking	(i) Covid 19 protein 6W63	(i) Narcissoside	[49]
Molecular docking	(i) SARS-CoV-2 M^pro	(i) Theaflavin digallate	[50]
Molecular docking	(i) SARS-CoV-2 S-protein	(i) Phillyrin; (ii) Chlorogenic acid	[51]
Molecular docking	(i) GRP78; (ii) 6LU7; (iii) SARS-CoV-2 M^pro	(i) Withaferin A; (ii) Artemisinin; (iii) Curcumin; (iv) Andrographolide	[52]
Molecular docking	(i) SARS-CoV-2 M^pro	(i) Oolonghomobisflavan-A; (ii) Theasinensin-D; (iii) Theaflavin-3-Ogallate	[53]
Molecular docking	(i) SARS-CoV-2 M^pro	(i) Ursolic acid; (ii) Carvacrol; (iii) Oleanolic acid	[54]
Molecular docking	(i) SARS-CoV-2 mpro; (ii) SARS-CoV-2 Nsp15/NendoU; (iii) SARS-CoV-2 ADRP; (iv) SARS-CoV-2 RdRp; (v) SARS-CoV-2 rS; (iv) HACE2	(i) (E)-β-farnesene; (ii) (E, E)-α-farnesene; (iii) (E)-β-farnesene,; (iv) (E, E) farnesol	[55]
Molecular docking	(i) SARS-CoV2 E	(i) Belachinal; (ii) Macaflavanone E; (iii) Vibsanol B	[56]
Molecular docking	(i) Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2	(i) Isothymol	[57]
Molecular docking	(i) RdRp	(i) Theaflavin	[58]
Molecular docking	(i) SARS-CoV-2: ACE2	(i) Dithymoquinone	[59]
Molecular docking	(i) SARS-CoV-2 mpro	(i) Luteolin-7-glucoside; (ii) Demethoxycurcumin; (iii) Apigenin-7-glucoside; (iv) Oleuropein; (v) Curcumin; (vi) Catechin; (vii) Epicatechin-gallate	[60]