Simple Atomic Absorption Spectroscopic and Spectrophotometric Methods for Determination of Pioglitazone Hydrochloride and Carvedilol in Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms

Table 3

Statistical analysis of results obtained by Method A applied on Diabetin tablets and Carvid tablets compared with reference methods.

Parameters	Procedure 1		Procedure 2		Procedure 1		Procedure 2
	Diabetin tablets	Reference method [12]	Diabetin tablets	Reference method [12]	Carvid tablets	Reference method [13]	Carvid tablets	Reference method [13]
𝑁	4	8	5	8	5	8	5	8
Mean recovery	100.77	100.23	100.74	100.23	100.88	100.02	99.35	100.02
Variance	1.12	0.85	0.66	0.85	0.80	0.64	0.29	0.64
±SD	1.06	0.92	0.81	0.92	0.89	0.80	0.53	0.80
±RSD	1.11	0.92	0.80	0.92	0.88	0.80	0.53	0.80
±SE	0.53	0.33	0.36	0.33	0.40	0.28	0.24	0.28
Student’s 𝑡-test	0.914 (2.23)^a		1.01; (2.20)^a		1.81; (2.20)^a		1.64; (2.20)^a
𝐹-test	1.32; (4.35)^b		1.29; (4.12)^b		1.25; (4.12)^b		2.21; (4.12)^b

a and b are the theoretical student 𝑡-values and 𝐹-ratios at 𝑃=0.05.