Impact of SiO₂ Modification on the Performance of Nafion Composite Membrane

Figure 2

SEM images (5 μm) of the proton exchange membrane surface: Nafion/SiO₂30°C (a), Nafion/SiO₂3°C-3 (b), Nafion/SiO₂3°C-5 (c), and Nafion (d).