Injury Patterns and Demographics in Child and Adolescent Assault Victims Presenting to US Emergency Departments
Table 3
Demographics by major diagnoses.
Concussion
Contusion/abrasion
Fracture
Laceration
Internal organ
Puncture
Strain/sprain
value
L95%
U95%
%
L95%
U95%
%
L95%
U95%
%
L95%
U95%
%
L95%
U95%
%
L95%
U95%
%
L95%
U95%
%
(years)
<10-4
Age group (years)
<10-4
≤4
21
521
259
1,048
0.4
2,593
86,948
69,164
108,853
6.0
874
19,635
13,197
29,013
3.9
491
16,550
13,414
20,463
2.2
774
22,313
16,894
29,300
4.4
69
3,450
1,466
7,932
2.9
4,886
129,464
102,769
161,714
14.3
5 to 9
141
4,052
1,113
2,407
3.1
3,037
120,383
105,934
136,576
8.3
506
15,804
12,089
20,601
3.1
1,030
36,397
30,391
43,578
4.8
735
26,130
20,929
32,578
5.2
118
5,793
2,452
13,171
4.8
4,101
111,056
98,876
124,500
12.3
10 to 14
977
32,386
28,653
36,431
25.0
8,513
382,981
344,797
423,737
26.2
2,983
119,891
109,051
131,465
23.8
3,170
123,542
113,531
134,524
16.3
2,898
118,838
107,770
130,665
23.6
395
15,928
11,669
21,439
13.3
6,020
199,344
184,713
214,864
22.0
15 to 19
2,055
92,459
87,784
96,805
71.4
16,556
868,838
823,252
913,282
59.5
7,080
348,368
336,168
360,094
69.2
11,961
580,629
566,895
594,709
76.6
6,882
337,023
323,713
349,836
66.8
2,468
95,005
80,830
105,034
79.1
10,595
465,591
430,544
500,445
51.4
Sex
Male
2,209
88,863
85,458
92,118
68.6
17,187
817,807
799,437
836,067
56.0
9,003
404,347
397,859
410,522
80.1
12,584
584,098
574,357
593,543
77.0
7,258
330,499
319,044
341,591
65.4
2,493
95,855
85,385
104,032
78.1
8,676
321,102
278,833
365,974
35.4
<10-4
Female
992
40,717
37,462
44,122
31.4
13,521
641,552
623,293
659,923
44.0
2,463
100,166
93,991
106,654
19.9
4,107
174,229
164,784
183,970
23.0
4,056
175,037
163,945
186,492
34.6
622
26,824
18,647
37,294
21.9
16,973
585,673
540,801
627,942
64.6
Race
White
1,050
61,213
49,560
71,955
59.1
8,050
509,297
323,501
714,234
42.6
3,268
191,941
134,381
250,850
48.0
3,571
217,560
129,901
324,845
35.3
3,133
181,413
118,947
244,972
48.7
327
15,093
8,837
24,497
16.1
7,541
335,598
224,197
451,099
47.1
<10-4
Black
1,055
25,423
16,713
36,749
24.6
12,568
432,994
338,667
537,019
36.3
4,202
131,405
99,596
167,727
32.9
7,469
258,985
205,292
315,976
42.0
3,257
107,107
76,181
144,502
28.8
1,606
51,090
31,864
68,961
54.6
9,629
250,810
183,117
328,001
35.2
Amerindian
348
15,352
9,262
24,413
14.8
4,082
238,734
110,819
452,710
20.0
1,434
73,738
38,143
130,543
18.4
2,241
132,636
65,844
237,813
21.5
1,537
80,809
82,477
141,447
21.7
391
26,795
13,068
46,598
28.6
2,771
121,803
62,083
219,569
17.1
Asian
32
1,500
704
3,156
1.4
241
13,146
6,329
27,347
1.1
68
2,741
1,399
5,358
0.7
134
6,756
3,388
13,304
1.1
83
3,195
1,714
5,960
0.9
15
630
300
1,320
0.7
119
3,751
2,278
6,052
0.5
Reason
Altercation
848
31,990
28,080
36,256
24.7
8,723
433,742
401,212
467,764
29.7
4,422
200,255
181,833
219,047
39.7
6,014
267,732
243,181
293,319
35.3
2,797
117,918
108,136
128,307
23.3
517
22,389
16,402
29,934
18.3
3,875
168,912
146,004
194,520
18.6
<10-4
Robbery/burglary
52
1,361
907
1,944
1.1
341
15,701
11,092
22,038
1.1
152
5,910
4,286
8,118
1.2
307
14,770
9,937
21,845
1.9
188
7,810
5,460
11,173
1.5
67
2,335
1,779
3,055
1.9
142
5,464
3,990
7,436
0.6
Sexual assault
4
109
26
518
0.1
434
14,988
10,508
21,454
1.0
19
542
252
1,160
0.1
111
4,397
2,579
7,509
0.6
24
685
354
1,264
0.1
3
104
25
491
0.1
14,212
432,545
364,102
501,944
47.7
Other specified
34
1,050
505
2,164
0.8
1,185
39,257
32,109
47,871
2.7
3,334
9,620
7,009
13,111
1.9
180
7,523
5,992
9,406
1.0
242
8,247
6,926
9,808
1.6
126
5,225
2,760
9,692
4.3
480
14,014
11,154
17,593
1.5
Unknown
2,253
94,483
89,475
99,077
72.9
19,984
954,054
918,015
988,946
65.4
6,512
287,307
269,977
304,014
57.0
10,038
461,959
438,196
484,997
60.9
8,031
369,375
357,471
380,625
73.1
2,374
91,294
85,838
96,193
74.4
6,924
285,213
236,054
339,345
31.5
Perpetrator
Spouse/partner
76
3,703
2,786
4,898
2.9
1,336
75,153
64,655
87,277
5.1
2,221
11,350
9,177
13,968
2.3
455
22,299
18,660
26,548
2.9
365
18,710
15,824
22,092
3.7
57
3,265
2,306
4,600
2.7
671
33,651
28,385
39,902
3.7
<10-4
Parent
87
3,639
2,799
4,717
2.8
3,704
146,722
125,661
170,760
10.1
446
14,696
11,850
18,153
2.9
526
20,384
17,673
23,514
2.7
641
24,273
19,868
29,574
4.8
35
1,567
920
2,662
1.3
2,620
77,860
67,379
89,779
8.6
Other relative
116
4,948
3,499
6,958
3.8
2,055
98,017
86,255
111,213
6.7
656
25,953
22,389
30,003
5.1
1,490
59,888
53,020
67,584
7.9
606
23,630
20,272
27,502
4.7
99
3,909
2,110
7,140
3.2
3,542
100,251
89,235
112,359
11.1
Friend/acquaintance
869
32,355
29,285
35,635
25.0
6,835
324,462
308,681
340,789
22.2
2,232
97,439
87,891
107,658
19.3
3,143
135,055
117,798
154,207
17.8
2,477
112,084
101,766
123,151
22.2
350
16,400
9,385
27,382
13.4
6,678
222,728
206,400
239,863
24.6
Multiple
816
28,528
24,231
33,354
22.0
5,142
232,283
184,625
289,415
15.9
1,548
62,270
56,930
80,075
12.3
2,210
101,729
75,852
134,637
13.4
2,782
114,150
99,390
130,431
22.6
184
8,192
6,784
9,876
6.7
2,548
22,857
79,531
98,031
2.5
Stranger
75
2,243
1,697
2,954
1.7
464
20,543
16,638
25,249
1.4
294
11,392
8,421
15,329
2.3
506
22,978
19,039
27,686
3.0
284
13,024
10,414
16,329
2.6
445
15,212
10,084
22,426
12.4
806
27,509
19,951
37,725
3.0
Other specified
7
180
65
505
0.1
576
31,207
27,000
36,049
2.1
1,030
46,843
41,853
52,291
9.3
203
10,145
8,192
12,591
1.3
32
1,476
1,011
2,174
0.3
22
1,634
761
2,429
1.3
427
19,331
15,689
23,760
2.1
Unknown
1,154
53,975
48,955
59,140
41.7
10,408
525,182
474,478
578,101
36.0
5,002
228,203
215,366
240,881
45.3
8,147
385,365
363,027
407,704
50.8
4,095
197,224
181,541
213,340
39.0
1,917
72,664
60,419
84,047
59.2
8,178
331,872
302,980
361,926
36.6
Incident locale
Unknown
973
37,540
27,924
48,865
29.0
10,090
486,378
396,979
584,669
33.3
4,781
206,266
168,773
245,772
40.9
6,703
303,689
238,023
374,481
40.0
4,403
205,820
163,797
250,700
40.7
1,009
41,077
28,179
56,359
33.5
8,684
334,006
281,306
390,084
36.8
<10-4
Home
404
18,581
15,550
22,080
14.3
8,040
360,952
300,799
428,650
24.7
2,018
83,889
69,133
100,951
16.6
3,071
139,087
109,378
174,687
18.3
1,909
73,122
56,722
93,222
14.5
454
20,018
16,721
23,824
16.3
10,299
312,898
265,981
363,467
34.5
School/sports
1,070
40,060
36,697
43,578
30.9
6,756
327,984
297,589
360,492
22.5
2,387
108,056
96,161
120,869
21.4
2,871
127,793
109,758
148,139
16.8
2,669
119,812
106,771
133,919
23.7
297
14,400
7,557
26,032
11.7
3,114
122,514
109,004
137,389
13.5
Street
326
16,993
10,587
26,408
13.1
2,660
142,208
99,245
200,971
9.7
1,045
49,317
32,877
72,612
9.8
2,005
97,382
67,356
139,264
12.8
880
43,006
28,007
64,963
8.5
1,016
32,164
19,665
48,839
26.2
1,535
57,788
37,634
87,693
6.4
Other property
428
16,407
13,697
19,567
12.7
3,162
141,780
110,483
180,684
9.7
1,236
15,664
45,937
70,242
3.1
2,044
90,119
69,860
115,219
11.9
1,453
63,776
47,218
85,083
12.6
339
15,019
10,845
20,512
12.2
2,016
79,372
63,661
98,484
8.8
Anatomic location
Unknown
0
0
0
0
0.0
772
28,408
14,449
55,606
1.9
6
188
50
706
0.0
20
668
303
1,593
0.1
0
0
0
0
0.0
11
282
123
675
0.2
1,758
57,573
35,005
93,134
6.3
<10-4
Head/neck
3,201
129,580
5,183
8,773
100.0
17,788
864,682
824,024
904,442
59.2
5,583
264,463
253,135
275,473
52.4
12,642
573,946
559,559
587,549
75.7
10,948
491,673
485,475
495,990
97.3
408
17,648
12,317
24,781
14.4
3,890
142,121
124,602
161,602
15.7
Upper trunk
0
0
0
0
0.0
3,518
165,040
149,743
181,706
11.3
405
15,027
11,900
18,909
3.0
567
24,961
19,873
31,251
3.3
219
8,024
5,308
12,083
1.6
686
27,184
21,677
33,626
22.2
1,514
66,079
53,504
81,345
7.3
Lower trunk
0
0
0
0
0.0
2,132
99,615
82,023
120,699
6.8
94
3,782
2,773
5,143
0.8
338
14,859
12,212
18,053
2.0
148
5,848
3,792
8,999
1.2
563
21,602
16,145
28,412
17.6
12,596
372,305
305,338
443,180
41.1
Upper extremity
0
0
0
0
0.0
4,557
220,084
206,079
234,977
15.1
4,553
193,522
180,018
207,197
38.4
2,637
121,514
112,792
130,769
16.0
0
0
0
0
0.0
663
28,567
20,328
38,877
23.3
2,871
130,726
113,810
149,631
14.4
Lower extremity
0
0
0
0
0.0
1,943
81,653
74,288
89,758
5.6
826
27,540
21,733
34,793
5.5
490
22,571
19,873
25,638
3.0
0
0
0
0
0.0
784
27,396
22,720
32,718
22.3
3,026
138,051
109,095
173,028
15.2
Disposition from ED
Release
2,909
122,178
116,361
125,441
94.6
29,616
1,411,193
1,386,136
1,423,273
98.4
9,872
456,900
437,159
470,879
91.3
15,821
722,625
713,651
728,787
97.4
9,952
460,606
436,482
475,624
92.6
1,858
80,187
61,549
95,415
66.3
23,717
839,692
805,339
859,951
94.7
<10-4
Admit
281
6,984
3,720
12,800
5.4
591
22,691
10,611
47,748
1.6
1,501
43,395
29,417
63,137
8.7
512
19,370
13,208
28,344
2.6
1,175
36,752
21,735
60,877
7.4
1,214
40,805
25,578
59,444
33.7
1,341
46,856
26,596
81,208
5.3
Hospital size
Small
196
24,037
16,936
33,237
18.5
2,505
303,948
203,890
435,948
20.8
727
88,418
62,628
121,777
17.5
950
115,360
72,894
176,128
15.2
447
54,788
29,372
97,975
10.8
76
9,216
4,932
16,697
7.5
1,472
179,271
125,237
249,204
19.8
<10-4
Medium
259
30,923
20,422
44,614
23.9
2,680
337,993
228,847
478,856
23.2
867
109,777
79,067
148,099
21.8
1,236
157,013
100,959
233,093
20.7
724
96,528
62,890
142,361
19.1
97
12,077
5,717
24,045
9.8
1,079
140,281
89,325
212,748
15.5
Large
457
40,610
29,739
53,335
31.3
5,333
470,519
254,826
754,407
32.2
1,984
175,824
124,248
235,334
34.9
3,188
281,850
147,684
448,436
37.2
2,497
222,527
165,010
283,459
44.0
600
52,913
26,805
82,563
43.1
3,234
286,070
191,165
401,555
31.5
Very large
1,004
22,977
15,498
33,017
17.7
12,193
278,097
181,852
408,947
19.1
4,404
100,428
73,419
134,131
19.9
7,547
171,618
105,662
262,220
22.6
4,624
10,582
68,704
155,961
2.1
2,014
45,606
24,548
72,172
37.2
9,132
208,948
143,011
293,549
23.0
Children’s
1,285
11,035
6,336
18,685
8.5
7,999
68,927
37,217
125,078
4.7
3,485
30,075
15,985
55,064
6.0
3,773
32,678
15,246
68,115
4.3
3,023
25,830
15,318
42,921
5.1
328
2,866
1,141
7,079
2.3
10,738
92,284
46,612
173,753
10.2
= actual number of ED visits; = estimated number of ED visits; L95% = lower 95% confidence interval of the estimate; U95% = upper 95% confidence interval of the estimate. Those categories comprising less than 1% of the variables as described in the appendix are excluded; thus, the percentage sum will not add up to 100.