Impact of Solar Panel Orientation on the Integration of Solar Energy in Low-Voltage Distribution Grids

Table 8

Relative systemic loss of energy compared to the optimal orientation.

Loss of energy (%)	Azimuth
	-90	-60	-30	0	30	60	90
Tilt angle
0	14.3	14.3	14.3	14.3	14.3	14.3	14.3
11.5	16.1	11.4	7.9	6.4	7.5	10.7	15.3
23	19.9	11.0	4.4	1.7	3.6	9.7	18.4
34.5	24.9	12.7	3.7	0.0	2.7	11.0	22.8
46	30.8	16.4	5.8	1.4	4.6	14.4	28.2
57.5	37.5	22.0	10.6	5.9	9.3	19.7	34.6
69	45.0	29.4	18.0	13.3	16.6	27.1	42.2
80.5	53.4	38.5	27.8	23.6	26.4	36.3	50.8
90	60.8	47.1	37.5	34.0	36.3	45.1	58.6