A novel design of a compact <svg style="vertical-align:-0.3135pt;width:32.700001px;" id="M2" height="11.075" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 32.700001 11.075" width="32.700001"  xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
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</svg> Butler matrix is presented. All the design is based on the use of a Lange coupler with certain geometrical characteristics. This matrix occupies only 20&#x25; of the size of the conventional Butler matrix at the same frequency (80&#x25; of compactness). To examine the performance of the proposed matrix, the Lange coupler and the Butler matrix were simulated using Momentum (ADS) and IE3D softwares. Simulation results of magnitude and phase show a good performance. Furthermore, a four-antenna array was also designed at 2.45&#x2009;GHz and then connected to the matrix to form a beamforming antenna system. As a result, four orthogonal beams at <svg style="vertical-align:-0.17555pt;width:30.9125px;" id="M3" height="11.225" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 30.9125 11.225" width="30.9125"  xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
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</svg>, <svg style="vertical-align:-0.17555pt;width:30.9125px;" id="M4" height="11.225" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 30.9125 11.225" width="30.9125"  xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
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</svg>, <svg style="vertical-align:-0.17555pt;width:20.200001px;" id="M5" height="11.225" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 20.200001 11.225" width="20.200001"  xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
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                <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0">∘</tspan>
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</svg>, and <svg style="vertical-align:-0.17555pt;width:20.200001px;" id="M6" height="11.225" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 20.200001 11.225" width="20.200001"  xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
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                <tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0">∘</tspan>
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</svg> are produced. This matrix is suitable for wireless application at ISM band of 2.45&#x2009;GHz.

Mbarek Traii

Mourad Nedil

Ali Gharsallah

Tayeb A. Denidni

A New Design of Compact <svg style="vertical-align:-0.0pt" height="11.825" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 34.662498 11.825" width="34.662498" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,11.762)">
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    <g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,26.088,11.762)">
        <use xlink:href="#x1D7D2"></use>
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</svg> Butler Matrix for ISM Applications

This paper presents the design of an inductor and an antenna for a portable device with GPS and FM capabilities. The inductor is designed to operate at the lower frequency FM band as part of a matching network and the antenna is designed to operate at the higher frequency GPS L1 band. The FR4 PCB used has a thickness of 1.6?mm with a dielectric constant of 3.8 and has two metallization layers. The inductor is designed with 1.5?mm trace width, 3.5 turns, and has a dimension of 14.5?mm <svg style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:10.1px;" id="M1" height="8.5" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 10.1 8.5" width="10.1" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,8.438)"><path id="xD7" d="M528 54l-36 -38l-198 201l-198 -201l-36 38l197 200l-197 201l36 38l198 -202l198 202l36 -38l-197 -201z" /></g></svg> 14.5?mm. It has an inductance of 95?nH, a resistance of 2.9?<svg style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:12.9875px;" id="M2" height="11.425" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 12.9875 11.425" width="12.9875" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,11.363)"><path id="x3A9" d="M719 146l-18 -146h-243l-5 18q2 4 17 25t24 36l25 42t26.5 52.5t21 56.5t16 65t5.5 68q0 121 -55.5 194.5t-149.5 73.5q-95 0 -150 -72t-55 -199q0 -54 18.5 -114t36.5 -94t48.5 -82.5t32.5 -51.5l-7 -18h-244l-17 146l27 1q17 -49 31.5 -62t45.5 -13h89l-21 21t-26 26.5&#xA;l-26 29t-28 35.5l-23 37.5t-20.5 43t-12 45.5t-5.5 51q0 133 88 218.5t219 85.5q132 0 218 -83t86 -218q0 -40 -11.5 -78t-33 -71.5t-39 -56t-44 -51t-32.5 -35.5h84q35 0 48 12t31 63z" /></g></svg>, a self-resonance frequency of 500?MHz, and a maximum <i>Q</i> of 51 from 100?MHz to 200?MHz (FM band). The antenna has a dimension of 49?mm <svg style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:10.1px;" id="M3" height="8.5" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 10.1 8.5" width="10.1" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,8.438)"><use xlink:href="#xD7" /></g></svg> 36?mm and is designed to operate at 1.5754?GHz L1 band. It also has a return loss of -36?dB and a measured bandwidth of 250?MHz.

J. Chung

S. Hamedi-Hagh

Design of PCB Impedance Matching Inductors and Antennas for Single-Chip Communication Systems

A novel two-layer highly efficient directive E-shaped patch radiator is described. By modifying the geometry of a rectangular patch and  by introducing two slits, the size of the original rectangular patch is reduced. Further reduction in the size is achieved by stacking E-shaped patches. Both gain and efficiency of this modified antenna is increased by 16&#37;. It is also observed that by introducing EBG structure, the bandwidth of the antenna is increased by 10.5&#37; approximately.

N. S. Raghava

Asok De

A Novel High-Performance Patch Radiator

This paper presents an implementation of an iterative method based on the wave's concept, for analysing a ring resonator. This method includes a two-dimensional fourier modal transformation (2D-FMT) in a wave guide environment. The method has the advantage of simplicity in that it does not involve basis functions and inversion of matrices, as used in other calculation methods. Therefore, it is capable of analyzing larger bodies than other classical techniques. An implementation of the iterative calculation is shown for the extraction of <i>S</i> parameters of microwave components. The good agreement between simulation results and experimental published data justifies the design procedure and validates the present analysis approach.

M. Yeddes

A. Gharsallah

A. Gharbi

H. Baudrand

Characterization of Microstrip Ring with a Narrow Gap by an Iterative Method

A method is proposed to synthesize optimally inhomogeneous planar layers (IPLs) as impedance matchers between two mediums. First, the electric permittivity function of the IPL is expanded in a truncated Fourier series. Then, the optimum values of the coefficients of the series are obtained through an optimization approach. The usefulness of the proposed method is verified using some examples.

Mohammad Khalaj-Amirhosseini

Using Inhomogeneous Planar Layers as Impedance Matchers between Two Different Mediums

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International Journal of Microwave Science and Technology - Table of contents 2008

International Journal of Microwave Science and Technology | Hindawi

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International Journal of Microwave Science and Technology

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International Journal of Microwave Science and Technology