Combined Oral Contraceptive Effects on Low-Grade Chronic Inflammatory Mediators in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Table 4
Influence of different oral contraceptive combination on markers of chronic inflammation in polycystic ovary syndrome∗.
Inflammatory marker
Study
Formulation
Before
After
ES∗∗
p∗∗∗
IL-6 (pg/ml)
Diaz et al, 2012
EE 35 μg/ CPA 2 mg
1.67
1.39
-0.28
0.911
Ibanez and de Zegher, 2004
EE 30 μg/ DRSP 3 mg
0.95
1.09
+0.14
>0.05
Vieira et al, 2012
EE 30 μg/ CMA 2 mg
1.90
1.70
-0.20
>0.05
Glintborg et al, 2014
EE 30 μg/ DSG 0.15 mg
1.70
1.40
-0.30
>0.05
Essah et al, 2011
EE 30 μg/ NGM 0.15-0.25 mg
2.10
1.60
-0.50
0.060
PAI-1 (mg/ml)/(IU/ml)
Hoeger et al, 2008
EE 30 μg/ DSG 0.15 mg
46.9
29.5
-17.4
<0.05
Essah et al, 2011
EE 30 μg/ NGM 0.18-25 mg
81.2
76.5
-04.7
0.520
Orio et al, 2016
EE 30 μg/ DRSP 3 mg
02.6
02.4
-0.2
>0.05
Neutrophils (nx1000/mm3)
Ibanez et al, 2005
EE 30 μg/ DRSP 3 mg/ GSD 75 μg
03.9
04.7
+0.80
>0.05
Lymphocytes (nx1000/mm3)
Ibanez et al, 2005
EE 30 μg/ DRSP 3 mg/ GSD 75 μg
02.3
02.2
-0.1
>0.05
TNF-α (pg/ml)
Vieira et al, 2012
EE 30 μg/ CMA 2 mg
10.6
12.0
+1.4
>0.05
MCP-1 (pg/ml)
Glintborg et al, 2014
EE 30 μg/ DSG 0.15 mg
50.0
44.0
-06.0
>0.05
sICAM-1(ng/ml)
Bilgir et al, 2009
EE 35 μg/ CPA 2 mg
370.1
364.7
-5.4
0.800
sVCAM-1(ng/ml)
Bilgir et al, 2009
EE 30 μg/ DSG 0.15 mg
583.0
522.0
-61.0
0.003
Banaszewska et al, 2007
EE 30 μg/ CMA 2 mg
776.3
742.9
-33.4
0.100
Se-selectin (ng/ml)
Bilgir et al, 2009
EE 35 μg/ CPA 2 mg
29.1
37.1
+8.0
0.100
Sp-selectin (ng/ml)
Bilgir et al, 2009
EE 35 μg/ CPA 2 mg
229.4
189.6
-39.8
0.080
sCD40L (ng/ml)
Kebapcilar et al, 2010
EE 35 μg/ CPA 2 mg
1.33
2.70
+1.37
0.011
abbreviations are given in the text. ∗∗ES: effect-size. ∗∗∗p: values taken from each study.