International Journal of Hypertension / 2018 / Article / Tab 4 / Research Article
Prevalence, Awareness, and Control of Hypertension in Greater Beirut Area, Lebanon Table 4 The association of demographic, socioeconomic, lifestyle, anthropometric, dietary intake, and medical history and laboratory tests with unaware hypertensive.
Variables Normotensive Unaware HTN P-value N = 254 N = 191 N = 63 (75.2 ) (24.8 ) Demographics Age Mean (± sd) 40.2 ± 12.8 47.6 ± 16.6 0.002 Age ≤ 30 51 (26.7%) 16 (25.4%) 0.002 31-40 42 (22.0%) 5 (7.9%) 41-50 57 (29.8%) 8 (12.7%) 51-60 34 (17.8%) 20 (31.7%) ≥ 60 7 (3.7%) 14 (22.2%) Gender Males 48 (25.1%) 34 (54.0%) <0.0001 Females 143 (74.9%) 29 (46.0%) Marital Status Married 138 (72.3%) 32 (50.8%) 0.002 Single 39 (20.4%) 18 (28.6%) Others 14 (7.3%) 13 (20.6%) Socioeconomic Income Level <600 $ 44 (25.3%) 25 (44.6%) 0.03 600-999.9$ 64 (36.8%) 16 (28.6%) 1000-2000$ 48 (27.6%) 9 (16.1%) >2000$ 18 (10.3%) 6 (10.7%) Education Level No school/Primary 50 (26.6%) 23 (36.5%) 0.33 Intermediate/Secondary/Technical 114 (60.6%) 33 (52.4%) University degree 24 (12.8%) 7 (11.1%) Lifestyle habits Cigarette smoking Never 90 (47.1%) 28 (44.4%) 0.025 Current 89 (46.6%) 24 (38.1%) Ex-smoker 12 (6.3%) 11 (17.5%) Narghileh Smoking Never 108 (56.5%) 37 (58.7%) 0.63 Current 62 (32.5%) 17 (27.0%) Ex-smoker 21 (11.0%) 9 (14.3%) Coffee drinking No 41 (21.5%) 12 (19.0%) 0.68 Yes 150 (78.5%) 51 (81.0%) Alcohol drinking Never 151 (79.1%) 45 (71.4%) 0.41 Current 31 (16.2%) 13 (20.6%) Ex-drinker 9 (4.7%) 5 (7.9%) Physical Activity None 27 (14.1%) 9 (14.3%) 0.97 Yes 164 (85.9%) 54 (85.7%) Anthropometric Measurements BMI Normal 66 (34.6%) 10 (15.9%) <0.0001 Overweight 79 (41.4%) 16 (25.4%) Obese 44 (23.0%) 37 (58.7%) Waist Circumference- Abdominal Obesity No 107 (56.3%) 23 (36.5%) 0.005 Yes 83 (43.7%) 40 (63.5%) Waist to hip ratio- Abdominal Obesity No 37 (19.6%) 13 (21.0%) 0.82 Yes 152 (80.4%) 49 (79.0 %) Body Fat Mean (± sd) 24.9 ± 9.7 32.9 ± 12.3 0.001 Dietary intake Total Energy -Kcal Mean (± sd) 3134.0 ± 1532.3 3268.6 ± 1487.6 0.55 Total Protein (g/d) Mean (± sd) 104.7 ± 71.2 107.7 ± 55.8 0.76 Carbohydrates Mean (± sd) 372.5 ± 174.1 396.9 ± 175.2 0.34 Total Fat Mean (± sd) 137.4 ± 76.5 139.7 ± 70.62 0.84 Saturated Fat Mean (± sd) 36.7 ± 22.4 37.7 ± 20.4 0.76 of calories from carbs Mean (± sd) 48.8 ± 8.7 48.9 ± 7.6 0.88 of calories from proteins Mean (± sd) 13.2 ± 3.9 13.3 ± 2.9 0.73 of calories from fat Mean (± sd) 38.9 ± 7.9 38.3 ± 7.4 0.56 of calories from saturated fat Mean (± sd) 10.2 ± 2.7 10.3 ± 3.0 0.72 Medical History CAD Cardiac catheter 10 (5.2%) 2 (3.2%) 0.73 Previous heart attack 7 (3.7%) 2 (3.2%) 1.00 Family history 70 (36.6%) 24 (38.1%) 0.83 T2D 9 (4.7%) 6 (9.5%) 0.21 Lab tests Glucose Mean (± sd) 100.3 ± 28.1 112.1 ± 34.5 0.01 HbA1c Mean (± sd) 5.5 ± 0.8 5.9 ± 1.3 0.01 CRP Mean (± sd) 10.1 ± 7.1 13.9 ± 9.8 0.006 Cholesterol Mean (± sd) 182.2 ± 37.5 198.4 ± 53.1 0.008 TG Mean (± sd) 118.7 ± 68.8 153.8 ± 87.2 0.001 HDL Mean (± sd) 50.8 ± 14.8 47.7 ± 13.1 0.13 LDL Mean (± sd) 107.0 ± 32.8 125.5 ± 49.0 0.028 Sodium urine Mean (± sd) 126.2 ± 47.9 125.5 ± 49.0 0.92 Potassium urine Mean (± sd) 79.3 ± 34.8 76.3 ± 35.6 0.54 GFR Mean (± sd) 104.9 ± 22.8 95.8 ± 21.1 0.006