Comparative Protective Effects of N-Acetylcysteine, N-Acetyl Methionine, and N-Acetyl Glucosamine against Paracetamol and Phenacetin Therapeutic Doses–Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats
Table 2
Mean ± SD of liver homogenate levels of oxidants (MDA and NO), antioxidants (GSH and total thiols), and AFP among the studied groups.
Animal groups
N
MDA (nmol/mg tissue protein)
NO (nmol/mg tissue protein)
GSH (nmol/mg tissue protein)
Total thiols (nmol/mg tissue protein)
AFP (nmol/mg tissue protein)
Controls
10
55.78 ± 16.08
549.0 ± 101.1
493.9 ± 98.85
2062 ± 667.5
312.2 ± 38.44
Paracetamol groups
PA
10
76.20 ± 10.5
621.7 ± 51.8
354.0 ± 61.6
1299 ± 173.
375.9 ± 33.6
PA+NAC
10
63.56 ± 9.8
566.0 ± 94.1
494.4 ± 94.3
1542 ± 376.
282.9 ± 26.3
PA+NAM
10
54.13 ± 13.
520.0 ± 124.
449.3 ± 111.
1640 ± 465.
258.1 ± 65.4
PA+NAG
10
55.50 ± 14.4
449.4 ± 68.6
508.8 ± 87.
1536 ± 369.
223.9 ± 65.4
Phenacetin groups
PH
10
80.25 ± 10.
776.5 ± 154.
331.3 ± 60.8
1215 ± 209.
433.2 ± 20.0
PH+NAC
10
58.11 ± 20.1
630.1 ± 154.
531.3 ± 179.
1401 ± 167.
300.1 ± 66.7
PH+NAM
10
66.33 ± 21.1
581.5 ± 161.
450.0 ± 101.
1615 ± 361.
277.4 ± 75.5
PH+NAG
10
53.63 ± 14.9
495.4 ± 111.
507.5 ± 77.9
1504 ± 428.
234.7 ± 55.3
p<0.05, p<0.01, p<0.001; ns: nonsignificant (p>0.05); a: comparison with control group, b: comparison with the drug only (PA or PH) group. PA: paracetamol; PH: phenacetin; NAC: N-acetyl cysteine; NAM: N-acetyl methionine; NAG: N-acetyl glucosamine; MDA: malondialdehyde; NO: nitric oxide; GSH: reduced glutathione; AFP: alpha fetoprotein.
