Focus on Therapeutic Strategies of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Table 1

Synthesis of possible targets of therapeutic strategies in use and in study for NAFLD. Focus on biochemical, ultrasonographic, and histological features of NAFLD: altered levels of transaminases, steatosis, necroinflammation, and fibrosis.

	Biochemical features	Steatosis	Inflammation	Fibrosis
Diet	+	+ (>5% weight loss)	+ (>7% weight loss)
Exercise		+
Fibrates	+
Statins	+		+
PUFA	+	+
Metformin	+	±	±	±
TZDs		+	+	±
Rimonabant		+		+
Orlistat*
ARBs*
Antioxidant agents	+
UDCA	+
Pentoxifylline	+	+	+
Probiotics*
GTE		+	+
Incretin anlogs/antagonists			+
Thyromimetics		+
PXR		+		+
FXR			+	+
Bariatric surgery		+	+	+

*Target not clear.
PUFA: 𝜔-3 polyunsaterated fatty acids; TZDs: thiazolidinediones; ARBs: angiotensin II type 1 receptor blockers; UDCA: ursodeoxycholic acid; GTE: green tea extract; PXR: pregnane X receptor; FXR: farnesoid X receptor.