A Synergy between Controlled Salinity Brine and Biosurfactant Flooding for Improved Oil Recovery: An Experimental Investigation Based on Zeta Potential and Interfacial Tension Measurements

Figure 6

Secondary FMB flooding on core C30, (a) cumulative oil recovery and differential pressure; (b) pH (circles) and conductivity (squares) of effluents; (c) Ca²⁺ (rhombi) and Mg²⁺ (triangles) ions of effluents. The straight lines indicate concentration of Ca²⁺ (coloured) and Mg²⁺ (black) in connate water saturation (—) and injected brine (– – –).

(a)

(b)

(c)