Remote Detection of the Electric Field Change Induced at the Seismic Wave Front from the Start of Fault Rupturing

<table>Seismic pulse propagates in the direction (<svg height="8.1625004" id="M80" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 9.5749998 8.1625004" width="9.5749998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,8.1)"><path d="M539 24v-24h-234v24q25 3 35.5 16.5t10.5 43.5v237q0 85 -51 85q-36 0 -70 -34q-17 -17 -17 -24v-264q0 -29 10.5 -42.5t37.5 -17.5v-24h-240v24q33 7 43 19t10 44v289q0 32 -10 44t-43 17v24h191v-75h1q49 87 142 87q62 0 98.5 -38.5t36.5 -103.5v-247q0 -34 10 -46
t39 -14z" id="x1D427"></path></g>
</svg>) perpendicular to the wave front (<svg height="11.875" id="M81" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 5.7874999 11.875" width="5.7874999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,11.813)"><path d="M14 417v44h57q0 132 40 179q42 51 135 51q64 0 103.5 -28t39.5 -72q0 -28 -17 -46t-45 -18q-25 0 -42.5 17t-17.5 40q0 12 5.5 25t11 22t5.5 10q0 19 -29 19q-27 0 -38.5 -17.5t-11.5 -61.5v-120h86v-44h-86v-310q0 -49 15 -66q14 -15 67 -17v-24h-278v24q34 4 45.5 16.5
t11.5 46.5v330h-57z" id="x1D41F"></path></g>
</svg>) in the xz plane in the two-layered media with the incidence angle of <svg height="12.4375" id="M82" style="vertical-align:-0.1638pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 8.5874996 12.4375" width="8.5874996" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,12.162)"><path d="M475 507q0 -83 -20 -172t-56 -167.5t-93.5 -129t-125.5 -50.5q-157 0 -157 227q0 78 21.5 164t59 161t96.5 123.5t126 48.5q79 0 114 -58t35 -147zM391 522q0 155 -81 155q-62 0 -111 -82.5t-73 -200.5h253q12 81 12 128zM373 346h-255q-12 -91 -12 -150q0 -72 20 -123
t63 -51q34 0 64 28.5t52.5 77t39 103t28.5 115.5z" id="x1D703"></path></g>
</svg>.</table>

International Journal of Geophysics

fig5

Figure 5

Figure 5: Remote Detection of the Electric Field Change Induced at the Seismic Wave Front from the Start of Fault Rupturing 