Teak (Tectona grandis Linn. f) and Edaphic Factors Affecting the Regeneration of Woody Species and Their Functional Traits in Economic Forest Plantation, Northern Thailand

Table 1

Description and silvicultural practice of sampling sites of teak plantation plots on 10-, 20-, 30-, and 40-year-old and old-growth forest sites in Khun Mae Khum Mee plantation, Phrae province.

Sampling sites	Site conditions	Silvicultural practice
10-year-old teak	(i) Elevation 400 m asl; (ii) Slope 35%; (iii) Site is a ridge area	(i) Spacing 4 m × 4 m; (ii) Left after 5 years of annual weeding and pruning; (iii) No thinning
20-year-old teak	(i) Elevation 400 m asl; (ii) Slope 40%; (iii) Site is a ridge area	(i) Spacing 4 m × 4 m; (ii) Abandoned 5 years after first thinning by 50% at 15-year-old
30-year-old teak	(i) Elevation 450 m asl; (ii) Slope 43%; (iii) Site is a ridge area	(i) Spacing 4 m × 4 m; (ii) Abandoned 5 years after second thinning by 50% at 25-year-old
40-year-old teak	(i) Elevation 450 m asl; (ii) Slope 45%; (iii) Site is a ridge area	(i) Spacing 4 m × 4 m; (ii) Abandoned 15 years after second thinning by 50% at 25-year-old
Old-growth forest	(i) Elevation 450 m asl; (ii) Slope 40%; (iii) Site is a ridge area	(i) Abandoned 31 years after logging by the government to promote natural succession