Analysis of Charcoal Producers Perceptions of Its Production, Forest Degradation, and Governance in Wolaita, Southern Ethiopia’s Dry Afromontane Forests

Table 3

Charcoal production and its associated socioeconomic contribution and forest degradation according to the producer’s answer in Offa Woreda (n = 98).

Factors	Sign and rank
	Charcoal welfares	Positively	Frequency	Percentage (%)
Socioeconomic contribution	Livelihood source	1^st	55	56.10
	Money source for buying livestock	5^th	5	5.10
	Business capital	2^nd	18	18.4
	Clothing purpose	4^th	6	6.12
	School fees	4^th	6	6.12
	Generate money for farming	3^rd	8	8.16
	Human employment rate	Positively
	4 to 6	2^nd	25	25.51
	1 to 3	1^st	73	74.49
	Causes of forest degradation	Negatively
Forest degradation	Bush fires	4^th	6	6.12
	Agriculture expansion	1^st	39	39.8
	Wood for construction and firewood	3^rd	16	16.3
	Grazing	5^th	5	5.10
	Charcoal activities	2^nd	32	32.70

Source: survey result (2018/2019).