Exploration of Electrochemical Intermediates of the Anticancer Drug Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Using Cyclic Voltammetry and Simulation Studies with an Evaluation for Its Interaction with DNA
Figure 2
Cyclic voltammograms (solid lines 1–7) of doxorubicin hydrochloride in aqueous buffer at pH 7.4 on glassy carbon electrode. [Doxorubicin hydrochloride] = 33 μM and [NaCl] = 160 mM. Scan rates = 1 (Curve-1), 0.5 (Curve-2), 0.4 (Curve-3), 0.3 (Curve-4), 0.2 (Curve-5), 0.1 (Curve-6), and 0.05 (Curve-7), temperature = 25°C. Dashed line: simulation result. Simulation parameters: ; ; V (versus Ag/AgCl, saturated KCl, 0.199 V); , , for doxorubicin hydrochloride, quinone dianion, and semiquinone, respectively; and electrode area . and for the homogeneous chemical reaction (Scheme 1).
